KEXTROPHYLLTTil. 
511 
discoloured tip ; fl. lemon-y. ; inner (erecto-connivent) row of 
pappus only ^ or 1 tlie length of the outer (spreading) rows. — 
DC. vi. 010; Koch 4(38; Coss. et Germ. ii. 393; Gren. etGodr. 
ii. 265 ; Willk. et Lange ii. 134. Carthamus lanatus Linn. 
Sp. 1163 ; Till. Dauph. iii. 36 ; Lam. Diet. i. 637 ; Pers. ii. 380 ; 
Jiucli ! 194. no. 242 ; BM. t. 2142 ; Fl. Gr. t. 841. Carduus 
lanatus Brot. ii. 342. Centaurea lanata Spr. Syst. iii. -108. 
Carduncellus lanatus RFG. xv. t. 15. f. ii. Carduus luteus & c. 
Moris. Hist. iii. 160. § 7, t. 34. f. 2.— Ilerb. ann. Mad. reg. 1, 2, 
cc ; PS. reg. 2, rr. Roadsides, borders of cornfields and barren 
sunny places general in the S. of Mad., less frequent in the N. 
In PS. only in the Serra de Dentro. Not found in’ the De- 
sertas. May-Aug. — A tliistle-like sharply spinous dull-greyish 
or lioary-gr. more or less cobwebby and clammy rarely sub- 
glabrescent pi., giving out whilst young when gently brushed 
or drawn through the hand a fragrance like that of Fraxinella 
( Dictamnus Fraxinella Pers.). St. 1-2 ft. high pale straw- 
colour or whitish copiously longitudinally cobwebby from leaf 
to leaf, shortly proliferously branched at top only, hard still 
straight closely and regularly leafy throughout. Root-1, ra- 
diant 4-6 in. long, 1-2 broad, soon disappearing; st.-l. fy-2 in. 
long, v< r.y regular in size, shape and distance, very hard and 
still* erecto-patent semiamplexicaul and subcaudate but not 
auricled or decurrent at the base. Heads 4-1 in. in diam. 
ovato-globose pale gr. with a dark brown collar at the much 
contracted tip beneath the florets, densely cobwebby, formi- 
dably armed with the erecto-patent acuminato-cuspidate and 
spinoso-pectinate stiff leafy gr. apical appendages of the outer 
scales, which are an inch long, resembling the upper st.-l. into 
which they gradually blend or pass ; inner scales' with gradually 
shorter and simpler similar appendages, and the innermost with 
merely a brown or atropurpureous tip forming a dark ring or 
collar at the base of the tuft of florets. Fl. bright lemon-y. 
but rather small and inconspicuous with few radiant florets 
contracted into a small tuft or pencil, tlieir tube marked with 
5 dark or black prominent fine hair-like lines or veins forked 
at top and alternate with the segments. Filam. with a tuft 
of hairs a little below their top. Stigmas concrete. Aeli. 
turbinately tetragonal large short thick subgibbous 2-3 lines 
long, fy-2 broad, truncate at top strongly 4-angular and coarsely 
rugose, the angles prominent and produced at top into 4 or 3 
tooth -like shoulders or wings which are pale or whitish, the 
rest being ail deep shining greyish brown or black. The 
outer or dorsal tooth or shoulder is often obsolete or wanting, 
lliliun shallow pale whitish round sublateral. Pappus 0 in 
ach. of outer row ; in the rest very large copious and conspicu- 
ous of a shining pale drab-brown or fawn-colour with a pecu- 
liar silky lustre, 3-4 or 4^ lines long, very unequal, the outer 
2 c 
