TOLPIS. 
525 
the clefts or crevices of rocks, mostly divided at top into se- 
veral short often in old pi. agglomerate branches thickly clothed 
with dried up 1. or their remains, very milky like the whole 
pi., brown or blackish, rugged scarred or wrinkled, throwing 
up annually a thick leafy tuft or bush of one or more simple 
straight erect but mostly somewhat declining or difiuse st. 
6-18 in. high and not often thicker than a crowquill, rather 
pale gr., thin and slender but remarkably hard and stiff, strongly 
ribbed or angular solid and copiously leafy throughout, spa- 
ringly and shortly corymbosely branched at top or upwards, 
with a sessile 1. at each fork or division. L. very smooth and 
shining, thickish stiff and succulent, rather dark but bright full 
gr. turning always blackish or dark brown in drying, 2-4 in. 
long, f-1 in. broad in the middle, acute at each end, repandly 
and always simply serrulate or serrate, the teeth always simple 
and entire, straight, pointing forwards, with sphacelate tips, 
mostly short and subremote ; upper 1. sessile or subpetiolate 
not at all dilated or amplexicaul at the base, the lower or 
lowest only attenuated into long petioles ; all cuneate and en- 
tire at the base. FI. few, rarely numerous, small 6-8 lines in 
diam. bright golden-y. remote or distinct in a wide-branched 
leafy panicle, closing quickly after being gathered ; their ped. 
slender and divaricately spreading often horizontally, their br. 
linear-setaceous few and scattered, those at the base of the inv. 
more numerous but inconspicuous and much shorter than the 
inner invol. scales. Anthod. 3-4 lines long, a little swollen at the 
base in fr. and hoary or mealy especially between the scales like 
the ped. and br. Ach. pale brown oblong angular faintly ribbed 
or striated sessile not stipitate. Pappus in all setiform sessile of 
20-40 or more yellowish or pale-brown rough bristles. Recept. 
naked alveolate, edges of its cells membranous jagged or toothed. 
A fine and well-marked sp., with small Prenanthes- or Lac- 
tuca-like fl. but handsome succulent bright gr. foliage and a 
peculiar habit. It is strictly confined to Mad. j for the Azorian 
pi. referred by Watson and by Seubert to T. macrorhiza DC. 
prove on reexamination to be (as Schultz indeed had long before 
affirmed in WB. ii. 399) varieties or forms with simply toothed 
or serrate 1. of T. nobilis Ilochst. in Seub. Fl. Az. 33. no. 222, 
t. xi . = Crepis Dentax (sic) Sol. ! MS. in BH. 
§ 2. Tolpidodendron. Shrubby per. 
3. T. SUCCULENTA (Ait.). Visgo. 
Branches slender virgate flaunting or declining woody brit- 
tle ; 1. chiefly in tufts at the base of the fl. -branches more or 
less succulent sometimes firm or stiff but mostlv loose or flac- 
2 d 2 
