S0NCHUS. 
545 
Lombo Grande, Rib. de S. Jorge, &c., GD. up the central 
valley. June-Sept. — A pi. of peculiar aspect with its pale tall 
round wand-like st. 2-5 ft. high often tinged with red or pur- 
ple and harsh dry or stiffish but scarcely coriaceous foliage. 
Lower 1. 4-6 in. long, l|-2 broad, gradually decreasing in 
size upwards and passing above the middle of the st. into 
mere small ovate-lanceolate dark purplish-v. inconspicuous 
bracts ; the midrib of the st.-l. strigosely fringed beneath for 
about half its length with copious pale harsh prickly 'bristles 
like those of the lower part of the st. FI. small in lateral 
spreading short few-fld. cymes along the upper third or fourth 
part of the st. forming a naked terminal pyramidal-oblong 
panicle 6-18 in. long and half as broad ; the branches and 
scales of inv. smooth and usually dark v. or purple. Heads few- 
fld. 4-5 lines long, 1-lf broad ; scales linear-lanceolate smooth 
6 lines long in fr. Ach. deep coal-black 1^ line long, f broad, 
obcuneate abruptly apiculate or shortly beaked and pectinato- 
ciliate or ciliato-setulose at top, much flattened, marginate, 
longitudinally ribbed and most elegantly and closely striolate 
transversely, the beak produced into a slender pale or w. pap- 
pus-stalk about the length of the ach. itself. Pappus very fine 
and silky snow-w. a little longer than its stalk. 
The 1. are more frequently horizontal or spreading in Mad. 
than erect. 
Lactuca sativa L. (Common garden Lettuce, Alface Port.) var. a 
(Roman Lettuce) and more especially!/, capitata DC. (Cos Let- 
tuce) are commonly cult, in Mad. ; but I have never seen them 
in any degree naturalized or growing spontaneously. Yon Bucli 
however includes the former in his Mad. List 194. no. 221, on 
the authority of a spec, still extant in BH., marked at the 
back of the sheet “ Madera 1768,” and recorded by Solander 
in his MSS. as collected by Banks and Solander “ in vinetis.” 
54. Sonchus L. 
(a) Herbaceous, annual. 
+1. S. OLF.RACEUS L. Sowthistle. Serralha. 
St. somewhat firm and slender branched ; 1. fiat soft flaccid 
mostly feebly and inconspicuously spinuloso-toothed and un- 
armed, smoky opake dull gr. above, strongly glaucous beneath, 
deeply pinnately lyrate with the terminal lobe mostly large 
and deltoidal, sometimes pectinately laciniate, sometimes un- 
divided ; auricles of the st.-l. acute or acuminate and simply 
spreading ; heads cymoso-umbellate, ped. and inv. mostly naked 
smooth sometimes glandulose ; ach. immarginate longitudinally 
obsoletely many-ribbed or striate on each flat side and trans- 
