SONCHUS. 
DO 1 
shaped, fleshy at the base, of a pale delicate gr. : outer scales of 
inv. ovato-lanceolate narrower and longer than in S. ustulatus , 
inner lanceolato-ligulate obtuse and obscurely ciliato-puberu- 
lous or erosulo-denticulate towards the tips. Ach. pale brown 
elliptic-oblong flattened truncate 2-2f mill, long, f-1 mill, 
broad in the middle, longitudinally ribbed, finely and elegantly 
reticulato -granulate with transverse striae. Pappus w. ex- 
tremely fine, a little longer than the ach., sessile. 
Schultz in WB. ii. 441, makes 4 varr. or forms of the Mad. 
pi. from the shape of the pinnae, &c. Having for many years 
observed the pi. on its native rocks, I can distinguish only the 
2 following forms : — 
a. angustiloba ; pinnae narrow linear-lanceolate acuminate sub- 
pinnatifidly toothed, the terminal lobe snbelongato-caudate. — 
S. pinnatus Ait., Pers., Buch, Spr., DC. ! 11. ec. ; form i. Can- 
dolleana and ii. Webbiana Schultz 1. c. 
j3. latiloba ; pinnae broader oblong not acuminate sparingly 
toothed or subentire, the terminal lobe not produced. — S. pin- 
natus form iii. Banksiana and iv. Hornemanniana Schultz 1. c. 
In both these forms, which pass into each other through 
numberless gradations, the number of pinnae and all other cha- 
racters employed by Schultz have no sort of constancy, vary- 
ing on different branches of the same pi. 
The Canarian var. /3. Palmensis WB. t. 130, with its much 
smalief fl., &c., requires further investigation. It looks like 
something very different from any form of the Mad. pi. 
0. S. fruticosus Linn. til. Serralha da Rocha. 
Smooth remotely branched, branches short thick erect rugged : 
1. uniform full gr. in terminal tufts oblongo-lanceolate sinuato- 
pinnatifid with broad few shallow rounded lobes or lyrate with 
the large terminal lobe elongato-triangular, the upper un- 
divided repand-angulate or quite entire, all ciliato-denti- 
culate ; cyme terminal leafy- bracteate, fl. large- umbellate in 
sets of 2 or 3-5 together at the ends of its branches on rather 
long erect ped. thickened and squarrosely leafy-bracteate at 
top ; br. of ped. and at the forks linear elongate wavy spread- 
ing or reflexed and pendulous entire ; outer scales of inv. li- 
near-acuminate leafy squarrosely reflexed dark gr. — “Linn. til. 
Suppl. 340; Merit. Stip. Nov. 171, t. 81;” Pers. ii. 303 (not 
Jacquin). S. squamogus (misprint for squarrosus) Buch ! 104. 
no. 219. S. squarrosus v. fruticosus a Sol. ! MSS. and BII. S. 
gquarrosus Spr. iii. 047 ; DC. ! vii. 187. — Shr. per. Mad. reg. 3 and 
