BOTANICAL, INDEX. 
23 
repeated freezing and thawing in a darkish place.” Perhaps lie might add, that 
without damage, it could be shaken or beaten from the tree and taken loosely to mark- 
et in a lumber wagon. 
Since writing the above about Pyrus coronaria, I have received a number of lots 
of specimens from various sources. Figures 111 are from Preble county, Ohio. 
The tree is very large, and produces a large crop of fruit every year. The leaves 
show no signs of lobes; not even coarse teeth. The apples all have short, stout 
stems. The eye is closed. The styles are slender, and unite at the base unlike any 
other mentioned below. I presume the tree is a seedling from our cultivated apple. 
In the eye of Pyrus coronaria the styles are stout and thick at the base, making a 
conical mass. The specimens were in alcohol and were not tasted to compare with 
other samples received. 
[The fruit of this variety is of a deep green, and has the same intense sour and 
bitter taste as the fruit of Pyrus coronaria. The tree stands in the edge of a densly 
wooded forest, completely grown up with underbrush. — Ed. Botanical Index.] 
Of another lot from near Richmond, Indiana, the editor of this magazine says : 
“It is evidently a seedling from Pyrus Malus. The fruit is small and knotty. Every 
specimen is deformed.” One of the largest was two inches in diameter. The apples 
have the eye, the short stems, and the leaves like those sent from Preble county, O. 
[The fruit has a pleasant, tartish taste, of a greenish yellow color with a rose col- 
ored or blush blotch on the sunny side. The tree stands in the edge of an old orig- 
inal forest, with very little underbrush. — Ed. Botanical Index.] 
Figure 2 shows natural size and average leaf from Stark county, Indiana. 
Figures 4 and 4 show natural size, a leaf, and section of fruit from near Rich- 
mond, Indiana. The fruit was unusually fair. Unlike any other specimens which 
I have seen, there were one or two brown streaks running from the base nearly 
around to the apex, much as is seen in the Tolman Sweeting. 
In figures 5 and 5 we see natural size ; one leaf ; and a section of an apple. The 
latter is somewhat oblong. These were from Iowa City, Iowa. 
Figure 7 shows a leaf from Henry county, Indiana. It is ovate and finely serrate. 
Another lot of samples, from Indianapolis, contains leaves varying in shape from 
that shown in figure 4 to that shown in figure 7. 
WHAT IS A “CRAB- APPLE?” 
T. H. Hopkins writes to Land and Home as follows : Some writers seem to be 
somewhat “mixed” on this subject. This, perhaps, is due to forgetfulness of the 
fact that the word “crab,” as commonly used, has no definite meaning. Botanically, 
a crab-apple is a wild apple. Of these there are several species, the best known of 
