( 165 .) 
HIERA'CIUM* *. 
Linnean Class and Order. Syngenk'sia f, Polyga'miA 
ASquams*. 
Natural Order. Compo'siT/E §, Linn crus and Adanson . — 
Tribe, Cichora'cea*:, Lindl. Syn. pp. 140, 142, & 150. ; Introd. 
tn Nat. Syst. of Bot. pp. 197 & 201. — Loud, llort. Brit. pp. 520 
& 521. — CrcHORACEvE, Juss. Gen. PI. p. 168. — Sm. Gram, of 
Bot. p. 120. — Synanthe're/e, Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 454. — 
Syringai.es; subord. Asterosas; sect. Asterina;; subsect. 
Asterianag ; type, Cichoraceas ; Burn. Ontl. of Bot. pp. 900, 
901, 920, 924, & 935. 
Gen. Char. Involucrum ( common calyx) (fig. 1.) egg-shaped, 
imbricated, of numerous strap-shaped, very unequal scales, which 
are moderately spreading when in seed, sometimes finally reflexed. 
Corolla (fig. 2.) compound ; florets (fig. 3.) numerous, imbricated, 
uniform, perfect, strap-shaped, blunt, with 5 teeth. Filaments 5, 
hair-like, very short. Anthers (sec fig. 3.) united into a cylindrical 
tube, much shorter than the floret. Gcrmen (see fig. 3.) egg- 
shaped. Style (see fig. 3.) thread-shaped, a little prominent. 
Stigmas (see fig. 3.) 2, recurved. Seed (figs. 4 & 5.) egg-shaped 
or oblong, angular, various in length, not beaked. Pappus (see 
figs. 4, 5, & 6 ) sessile, hair-like, uniform, simple, often minutely 
rough. Receptacle (fig. 7.) convex, nearly naked, dotted. 
The egg-shaped, imbricated involucrum ; nearly naked, dotted 
receptacle; and simple, sessile pappus ; will distinguish this from 
other genera, with ligulate or strap-shaped florets, in the same class 
and order. 
Nineteen species British. 
HIERA'CIUM UMBELLA'TUM. Umbelled Hawkwced. Nar- 
row-leaved Hawkweed. Endive Hawkwced. 
Spec. Char. Stem upright, simple, very leafy. Leaves strap- 
spear-shaped, scattered, nearly smooth, slightly toothed. Flowers 
somewhat umbellate. Involucrum smooth. 
Engl. Pot. 1. 1771. — Curt. FI. I.ond. t. . — Linn. Sp. PI. p. 1131. — Iluds. 
FI. Angl. (2nd ed.) p. 340. — Sm. FI. Brit. v. ii. p. 835. — Engl. FI. v. iii. p.369. — 
With. (7tli cd.) v. ni. p.899. — Cray’s Nat. Arr. v. ii. p.424. — Lindl. Syn. p. 
161. — Hook. Biit. FI. p.346. — Lightf. FI. Scot. p. 43!). — Sihtli. FI. Oxon. p. 
242. — Abbot's FI. Bed!', p. 171. — l’urt. Midi. FI. v.ii. p. 369. and v. iii. p.374. — 
He III. FI. Cantab (3rd cd.) p.323. — Hook. FI. Scot, p.233. — FI. Devon, pp. 
131 & 156. — Johnston’s FI. oi' Bcrw. v. i. p. 176. — Walk. F'l. of Oxf. p. 326.— 
I’eny’s 1*1. Varvic. Selecta;, p. 66. — Mack. Catal. of PI. of Irel. p. 70. — Hierd- 
ciutn fruticosum angustifolium majus, Hay’s Syn. p. 168 . — Hierdcium Inly- 
baceum, Johnson’s Gerarde, p.298. 
Fig. 1. Involucrum or common Calyx. — Fig. 2. Corolla. — Fig. 3. A separate 
Floret, exhibiting the Germen, Pappus, Stamens, anil Pistil. — Fig. 4. A Seed, 
crowned with the pappus or proper calyx.— Fig. 5. The same a little magnified.— 
Fig. 6. Part of one of the rays of the Pappus more highly magnified. 
* From ierax, Gr. a hawk ; because biids of prey were supposed to employ 
the juice of this plant to stiengthen their powers of vision ; or rather, perhaps, 
from the mixture of black and yellow in some species resembling the colour of a 
hawk’s eye ; whence, possibly, the English name Hawkweed. 
t See folio 91. i See folio 147. $ See folio 27, a. 
