( 185 .) 
GENTIA'NA* *. 
Linnean Class aiul Order. Penta'ndria f, Dig y'.yia. 
Natural Order. Gevtia'ne/e, Dr. R. Brown . — Lindl. Syn. p. 
177 ; Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Bot. p. 215. — Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 
444. — Loud. Hort. Brit, p.526 . — Gentia'nte, Juss. Gen. PI. p. 
141. — Sm. Gram, of Bot. p. 106 . — Syringales ; subord. Primu- 
los,e ; sect. Gentianin.e ; type, Gentianaceje ; Burn. Outl. 
of Bot. pp. 900, 958, & 1008. — Rota'ce.e, Linn. 
Gen. Char. Calyx (fig. 1, a.) inferior, of 1 sepal, in 4 or 5 
oblong, pointed, permanent segments. Corolla (fig. 2.) of 1 petal ; 
tubular in the lower part; limb more or less spreading, in 4 or 5 
deep, equal segments, withering, destitute of nectariferous glands. 
Filaments (fig. 1,6.) 5, or as many as the divisions of the corolla, 
and alternate therewith, inserted into the tube, and not protruding 
beyond it. Anthers (fig. 1, c.) incumbent, oblong, sometimes 
united. Germen (fig. 3.) oblong, nearly cylindrical, pointed. Styles 
(fig. 3.) short, upright, sometimes united. Stigmas (fig. l,rf.) flat, 
ovate. Capsule (fig. 4.) oblong, or elliptical, nearly cylindrical, 
pointed, slightly cloven, of 1 cell, and2valves. Seeds numerous, small, 
compressed, not bordered, fixed to the indexed margins of the valves. 
The monopetalous, inferior corolla, tubular at the base, and 
destitute of nectariferous glands ; and the capsule of 1 cell and 
2 valves ; will distinguish this from other genera in the same class 
and order. 
Six species British. 
GENTIA'NA PNEUMONA'NTHE. Calathian Violet. Marsh 
Gentian. Autum Bellflower. Harvest Bells. Common Lungflower. 
Spec. Char. Leaves strap-shaped. Flowers axillary and ter- 
minal, stalked. Corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft. 
F.ngl. Bot. t. 20. — Curt. Brit. F.ntomol. v. vi. t. 281. — Linn. Rp. PI. p. 330. — 
finds. FI. Angl. (2nd ed.) p. 102. —Sm. FI. Brit. v. i. p. 285. Engl. FI. v. ii. 
p. 27. — With. (7ih ed.)v. ii p 358. — Lindl. Syn. p. 178. — Hook. Brit. FI. p. 
111. — Davies’ Welsh Bot. p. 26. — Gentin.ua palustris angustifolia, Ray’s 
Syn. p.274. — Pneumondnthe, Johnson’s (Jerarde, p. 438. — Pneumondnth * 
vulgdris, Gray's Nat. Arr. v. ii. p. 335. 
Localities.— O n moist turfy heaths in several parts of England. — Cheshire; 
In a marsh on a heath near Holmes Chapel: Mr. Hunter, in B. G. Not un- 
common about Park-Gate: l\Ir. Griffith, ibid. Heaths above Tranmere : 
Miss Beck, in N. B. G. Heaths near Bidston : Mr. H. C. Watson, in N. B.G. 
and G. Chosfield, Esq. Bagerley Moor: Mr. Christy. — Cumberland ; Field 
between Maryportand Flimby, 2 or 300 yards from the latter: Rev. J. Harhi- 
man. Hovrgill Castle Woods: Hutchinson. — Derbysh. Eggington Heath: 
Pilkinotov. — Dorset; In Putbeck; and on the moist grounds on Heaths: 
Dr. Pulieney. — Hampsh. Moor near Fleet Pond: E. Hill, Esq. Ch. Ch. 
Oxford. — Kent. On the sides of the bogs on Waterdown Forest, towaids Eridge 
Park ; and in abundance in a field on the right hand of the coach-road over the 
forest to the High Rocks: Ft. Tonbrigensis. On Longfield Downs near Graves- 
end ; near Greenhithe, and Cohham ; also at Lellingstone, and near Darlford : 
Fig. 1. Calyx, Stamens, and Pistils; a. calyx ; b. filaments ; c. anthers ; 
d. stigmas.— Fig. 2. Corolla.— Fig. 3. Germen, Styles, and Stigmas.— Fig. 4. 
Capsule. — Fig. 5. Transverse section of the same. 
* So named from Gentius, King of lllyrica, who, according to Puny, first 
discovered the antidotal virtues of a certain species. Withering. 
t See Anchusa sempervirens, folio 48, note •(•. 
