Mr. Robson. — In Nottinghamshire ; T. H. Cooper. — Staffordshire ; At 
Blithfield : Hon. Mr. Bagot. — Warwicksh. At Perry Hall, near Birmingham, 
in a meadow between the house am) the river: Mr. Pitt. Woods near Stud- 
ley ; and abundant in the orchard at Studlev Castle: T. I’i'hton, Esq. — 
Westmoreland ; In Levans Park, five miles from Kendal; and at Watsfield 
half a mile from Kendal among a clump of tall trees, plentiful : Mr. Gougii. — 
Worcestersh. In Abberley Woods: Mr. Hickman. 
Perennial. — Flowers in March and April. 
Root a roundish, solid bulb, yellowish brown on the outside, 
white within. Stem from the centre of the bulb, solitary, from 
6 to 8 or 10 inches high, upright, somewhat zigzag, leafy, smooth, 
almost always simple, with 1 or more spear-shaped sheaths near 
the bottom. Leaves 2 or 3, alternate, on channelled foot-stalks 
(petioles), twice ternate, notched, glaucous. Cluster solitary, ter- 
minal, simple, upright, of from 10 to 15 flowers, each on a partial 
stalk with a solitary, wedge-shaped, palmate, 5-cleft, glaucous 
bractea at its base. Calyx very small, sepals strap-shaped. Corolla 
variegated with purplish red, and pale yellow ; with a long, ascend- 
ing, bluntish spur, and a slight pale prominence at the opposite 
side. Stamens united into 2 parcels, the upper elongated at the 
base within the spur (see fig. 3) . Pod (see figs. 4 & 5.) short, 
bursting at the base. Seeds several. 
This is a pretty species, and merits a place in the flower garden. 
It will grow in almost any soil or situation, and will thrive even 
under the shade of trees, provided the ground be not too dry. It 
is a native of most parts of Europe ; and also of Tauria and Siberia, 
under hedges and in woods in rather humid places. The roots 
abound in fecula, and are resorted to by the Kalmucs in winter 
as food. 
FuMAniA'CE.®, (plants agreeing w ill: Fumaria'ui many important characters.) 
The plants which compose this natural order are dicotyledonous herbs, with 
brittle stems and a watery juice. Their leaves are usually alternate, mullifid, 
often cirrhose, and destitute of stipulas. The flowers are purple, white, or 
yellow. The calyx consists of 2 small deciduous membranous sepals; and the 
corolla of 4 irregular petals, which are set crosswise, and are usually connected 
at the base, sometimes they are all free, sometimes only the lower one is free, 
and the rest united, the two outer ones alternating with the sepals, sometimes 
both are equally drawn out at the base into a hollow spur, or gibbosity, some- 
times with the lower one flat, and the upper one with a spur, or gibbosity, at the 
base; the two inner ones callous and coloured at the apex, where they cohere 
and enclose the anthers and stigma. ’J he stamens, which are 6 in number, are 
united in two parcels, opposite the outer petals, very seldom all separate; the 
anthers are membranous, the outer of each parcel 1-celled, the middle one 
2-celled. The ovary is superior, 1-celled; the ovules horizontal; the style 
thread-shaped ; and the stigma with 2 or more lobes. The fruit is various ; 
either an indehiscent 1- or 2-seeded nut, or a 2-valved, many-seeded pod. The 
seeds are horizontal, and fixed to the lateral placentas, globular, shining, black, 
and furnished with an arillus or a caruncle. The albumen is fleshy. The 
embryo in the seeds of indehiscent fruits small and straight ; in those of dehis- 
cent ones longer and slightly arched. The cotyledons are flat, oblong, entire, 
and foliaceous in germination. 
The plants of this order are bitter and scentless; they are reckoned slightly 
diaphoretic and aperient ; and their watery juices were formerly administered 
in cutaneous diseases and obstructions of the liver. 
This order differs from Papaverucea, (see folio 54, a.), to which it is very 
closely allied, in abounding in watery juice, instead of a milky juice ; and in the 
petals being irregular, and usually connected, as well as in the stamens being 
diadelphous. It differs from Cruciferce (see folio 38, a.) in the calyx being of 
2 sepals, as well as in the structure of the petals and seeds, and disposition of 
the stamens. See Lind. Intr, to the Nat.Syst.&c Don’s Gen. Syst. of Gar. b But. 
