( 203 .) 
SPARTI'NA* *. 
Linnean Class and Order. Tria'ndri A f, Dic.y'nia. 
Natural Order. Grami'neal Juss. Gen. PI. p. 28. — Sm. Gram, 
of Bot. p 68.; Engl. FI. v. i. p. 71. — Lindl. Syn. p.293.; Introd. 
to Nat. Syst. of Bot. p. 292. — Rich, by Macgilliv. p.393. — Loud. 
Hort. Brit, p.542. — Gramina, Linn. — Graminales ; sect. Triti- 
cina:; tvpe, Spartinace/e ; Burn. Outl. of Bot. v. i. pp. 359, 
362, & 366. 
Gen. Ciiar. Spike compound. Spikelets 1-flowered, 1-sided, 
in 2 rows, pressed close to the rachis. Calyx (fig. 1.) single- 
fiowered, of 2 opposite, unequal, compressed, spear-shaped, keeled, 
clasping glumes (valves), the outer one sometimes smallest, narrow 
and pointless ; sometimes largest, with a rough, straight, terminal 
awn ; inner cloven at the summit, with more or less of an inter- 
mediate tooth, or point. Corolla (fig. 2.) about the length and 
shape of the calyx, of 2 compressed, spear-shaped, rather unequal, 
bluntish, clasping, awnless palese (valves). Nectary none. Fila- 
ments (fig. 2, a.) 3, hair-like. Anthers (fig. 2, b .) upright, strap- 
shaped, entire at the top, cloven at the base. Germen (see fig. 3.) 
elliptic-spear-shaped. Styles (see fig. 3.) combined at the base, 
separate at the top. Stigmas (fig. 2, c.) feathery, slender, various 
in length. Seed oblong, compressed, clothed with the unaltered 
corolla, but quite loose. 
The compound spike; the unilateral (1 -sided), 1-flowered spike- 
lets, in 2 rows, pressed close to the rachis ; the calyx of 2 opposite, 
spear-shaped, compressed, unequal, pointed glumes; the corolla 
of 2, compressed, rather unequal, spear-shaped palece ; and the 
styles united halfway up; will distinguish this from other genera 
in the same class and order. 
The 1-flowered spikelets will distinguish it from Dactylis (see 
t. 108), a genus under which it was included by Linnaeus, and 
most Botanists. 
One species British. 
SPARTI'NA STRI'CTA. Twin-spiked Cord-grass. Smooth 
Sea-grass. Sea Cock’s-foot-grass. 
Spec. Char. Spikes 2 or 3, erect, with very smooth stalks. 
Outer glumes of the calyx smallest. 
Annals of Bot. v. i. p.297.— Sm. Engl. FI. v. i. p. 135. — With. (7th ed.) v.ii. 
p. 176. PI. 27.— Gray’s Nat. Arr. v. ii. p. 144.— Lindl. Syn. p.298.— Hook. Brit, 
hi. p.57 .—Dactylis stricta. Engl. Bot. t. 880.— Knapp’s Gram. Brit. t. 63 — 
Ait. Hort. Kew. (1st ed.) v.i. p. 104.— Willd. Sp. P). v. i. p. 407.— Ait. Hort. 
Kew. (2nd ed.) v.i. p. 160.-Sm. FI. Biit. v. i. p. 110.— With (5ih ed.) v. ii. 
p. 197. PI. 27 .—Dactylis cynosuroides, Huds. FI. Angl. (2nd ed.) p. 43.— With. 
(2nd ed.) v. i. p.93. not ot Linnaus. — Limnetis pungens, Pers. Syn. v. i. p. 
72. — Host’s Gram. Austriac. v. iv. p. 38. t. 66 .—Spartum Essexianum, spica 
gemina clausa, Dill, in Ray’s Syn. p.393. 
Fig. 1. Calyx.— Fig. 2. Corolla; a. Filament; b. an Anther; c. a Stigma.— 
hig. 3. Germen and Pistils. — hig.4. Top of a Sheath, showing the fringed sti- 
pula - — All a little magnified. 
* From Spartum, a kind of broom or hard-grass, used by the ancients for 
economical purposes. Witheuing. Or, from the Spanish Esparto, some of 
the species, with various other tough grasses, being used by the Spaniards for 
making ropes. Burnett. t See Phalaris canariensis, f. 56, n. f. 
