( 21 . 3 .) 
ORCHIS* * 
Linnean Class and Order. Gyna'ndria f, Mona'nuria. 
Natural Order. Orchi'de.e, Linn. — Jus«. Gen. PI p. 64. — 
Sm. Gram, of Bot. p. 81. Ensrl. FI. v. iv. p. 3. — Lindl. Syn. p. 
256. ; In trod. to Nat. Sy?t. of Bot. p. 252. — Rich, by Macgilliv. p. 
412. — Loud. Hort. Brit, p.536. — Palmares; order, Musales; 
sect. ORCHintN/R ; type, OrchidacEjE ; Burn. Outl. of Bot. v. i. 
pp. 391, 437, 458, & 461. 
Gen. Char. Perianthium* ( calyx and corolla ) superior. 
Sepals 3, (fig. 2. a, a, a.) egg-shaped, slightly concave, nearly 
equal, spreading or converging, ribbed, partly coloured. Petals 2, 
(fig. 2, b, b ) oblong, smaller than the sepals, ascending, or con- 
verging. Lip ( Nectary of Linn.^ (fig. 2. c.) spurred at the base 
(see fig. 1. a.), roundish, or oblong, lobed, larger than the petals, 
dependent in front, betwixt the lower sepals. Anthers of 2 dis- 
tinct, vertical cells (see fig. 3. c.), fixed to the top of the column 
(fig. 3. d.) immediately above the stigma (fig. 3. 6.). Pollen- 
masses stalked, with 2 glands, enclosed in a common pouch. Ger- 
men (fig. 1. 5.) oblong, or nearly cylindrical, furrowed, spirally 
twisted. Style thick and short. Stigma (fig 3. 6.) a shining 
moist depression, in front, under the masses of pollen. Capsule 
(fig. 6.) oblong, spiral. Seeds minute, very numerous. 
The ringent perianthium ; the lobed lip, spurred at the base ; 
and the pollen-masses with 2 glands, enclosed in a common pouch ; 
will distinguish this from other genera in the same class and order. 
Ten species British. 
ORCHIS TEPHROSA'NTHOS. Grey-spiked Orchis. Monkey 
Orchis. Narrow-lipped Military Orchis. 
Spec. Char. Knobs of the root oval. Lip downy, 3-parted, 
the segments strap-shaped, intermediate one deeply bifid, with a 
point in the sinus. Sepals acuminate, connivent, including the two 
lateral petals. Spur obtuse, twice as short as the germen. Brac- 
teas very small. 
Hook. FI. Lontl. t. 82 ! — Willd. Sp. PI. v. iv. p. 21. — Bicheno, in Tr. of Linn. 
Society, v. xii. p. 33. — Sm. Engl. FI. v. iv. p. 16. — Gray’s Nat. Arr. v. ii. p.20l. 
— Lindl. Syn. p. 260. — Hook. Hi it. FI. p. 371. — Walk. FI. of Oxf. p.253. — 
Orchis militaris, Engl. Bot. t. 1873. — O. militaris i. Linn. Sp. PI. p. 1334. — 
O. militaris, var. 3. With. (7th ed ) v. ii. p.30. — O zoophora cercopithecum 
exprimens oreades, Columna’s Sttrp. Ecphr. p. 319. t. 320. f. 2.— O. flore 
simiam referens, Bauh. Pm. p. 82. — Rudb Elys. v. ii. p. 194. f. 8. — Vaill. Par. 
p. 148. t. 31 . figs. 25 & 26. — Tourn. Inst. p. 433. t. 247. f. a. — Cynosorchis major 
altera, Johnson’s Gerarde, p. 205. 
Fig. 1. A separate Flower ; a. the Germen, 6. the Spur. — Fig. 2. A front view 
of a flower, the several parts spread out artificially; a, a, a. the 3 Sepals or 
calyx; b, b. the 2 petals ; c. the labellum or lip. — Fig. 3. Germen, Stamen, 
Style, and Stigma; a. upper half of the germen ; b. the stigma; c. the 2 cells 
which contain the pol len- masses ; d. the anther, situated on the summit of the 
style, or column. — Fig. 4. Pollen-masses, fallen from the flowers, and adhering 
to the stem and leaves by means of their glutinous property. — Fig. 5. A Pollen- 
mass with its stalk and gland.— Fig. 6. A Capsule. — Fig. 7. The same opened 
longitudinally. — Figs. 3 & 5, highly magnified. 
* From Orchis, Gr. an olive berry ; the roots of this tribe being often found 
round, so as to resemble that fruit. Thornton. 
+ See Ophrys apifera, f. 8. n. t. j See Gulanthus nivalis, f. 33. n. {. 
