(' 234 . ) 
CARPl'NUS * *. 
Linncan Class and Order. Mo.\o-:'cia f, Polya'ndria. 
Natural Order. Cupuli'fer.e, Richard. — Lindl. Syn. p. 239 ; 
Introd. to Nat. Syst. of Bot. p. 97. — Rich, by Macgilliv. p.545. — 
Amf.nta'ce.e, Linn. — Juss. Gen. PI. p. 407. — Sm. Gram, of Bot. 
p. 189. — Loud. Hort. Brit. p. 534. — Querneales; sect. Quer- 
cin.e ; type, CorylacE/E ; Burn. Outl.of Bot. v. ii. pp. 523 & 531. 
Gen. Char. Barren Flowers (fig. 3.) in a lateral, long, cylin- 
drical, lax catkin (fig. 1.), imbricated every way, with egg-shaped, 
pointed, concave, fringed, single-flowered scales, or hracteas. Co- 
rolla none. Filaments (see fig. 3.) 10 or more, hair-like, much 
shorter than the scale. Anthers roundish, compressed, bearded at 
the tip, 1 -celled. 
Fertile Flowers (fig. 4.) in a lax, bracteated catkin ; bracteas of 
two kinds, outer and inner ; outer bracteas entire, soon falling oft’ ; 
inner bracteas in pairs, each 3-lobed, with the side lobes much the 
smaller, forming an involucrum about the ovary f yer men). Calyx 
clothing the ovary to near its tip, and adhering to it; toothed at the 
tip. Ovary with 2 cells, of which 1 is abortive. Styles (fig. 5.) 
very short, permanent. Stic/mas 2, awl-shaped, upright, deciduous. 
Nut (figs. 7 & 8.) attended by the involucrum, egg-shaped, com- 
pressed, ribbed, woody, not bursting, of 1 cell (see fig. 9.), crowned 
by the calyx, and base of the style. Kernel (fig. 10.) 1, with flat 
fleshy, inversely egg-shaped cotyledons , without any separate albu- 
men ; embryo at the top of the seed, with a very minute 'plumule. 
The barren-flowered catkin of several roundish, ciliated, 1 -flower- 
ed scales, with from 8 to 20 stamens ; the fertile- flowered catkin 
of several large, foliaceous, 3-lobed, 1-flowered scales ; the pitcher- 
shaped, 6-toothed calyx; the ovary of 2 cells, l of which is abor- 
tive ; the 2 styles ; and the egg-shaped, striated, 1 -seeded nut ; will 
distinguish this from other genera in the same class and order. 
o O 
One species British 
CARPl'NUS BE'TULUS. Common Hornbeam. Hornbeeeh. 
Hardbeatn. Yoke Elm. Wych-hasel. 
Spec. Char. Bracteas or Scales of the Fruit oblong, serrated, 
with 2 smaller lateral lobes (see fig. 7). 
F.ngl. Bot. t. 2032. — Loud. Arbor, et Kruct. Brit. t. 243. — Linn. Sp. PI. p. 
1416. — VVilld. Sp. PI. v. iv. pt. i. p. 467. — Iluds. H. Angl. (2nd ed.) p. 422.— 
Sm. FI. Brit. v. iii. p. 1029. Kngl. FI. v. iv. p. 1,05. — With. (7th ed.) v. ii. p. 
574. — Lind. Syn. p. 240. — I look. Brit. FI. p. 410. — Lightf. FI. Scot. v. ii. p.583. — 
Davies’ Welsh Bot. p.90. — Purt. Midi. FI. v. ii. p. 466. — Relh. FI. Cant. (3rd 
ed.) p.396. — Hook. FI. Scot. p. 274. — Grev. FI. Edin. p. 203. — Sylvan Sketches, 
p. 170. — FI. Devon, pp. 155 it 133. —Winch’s F I. of Norlhumb. and Durham, 
p.62. — Loud. Encyci.of Gard. (nevved.) p. 1159. paragr.6621. — Walker’s FI. of 
Fig. 1. A Barren-flowered Catkin. — Fig. 2. A Fertile-flowered Catkin. — Fig. 3. 
A staminiferous Flower. — Figs. 4 & 5. i istiliferous Flowers. — Fig. 6. Gerineu 
and Pistils — Fig. 7. A Nut, with the enlarged 3-lobed Scale. — Fig. 8. A Nut 
detached bom the scale, and enclosed in the permanent calyx. — Fig. 9. A trans- 
verse section ot the same. — F ig. 10. The Kernel. — Figs. 3, 4, & 5, magnified. 
* From car, wood ; and pin , a head ; in Celtic. Wood employed to make 
the yokes ol oxen. Sir W . J. llooKi.it. \ See Bryonia dioicu, f. 83. n. -f. 
