Hook. PI. Lond. t. 147. — Linn. Sp. PI. p 924 1 — Willd. Rp. PI. v. iii. pt. t. 
p. 5161— Huds. FI. Angl. (2nd td.) p.287. — With. (2nd ed.) v.ii. p.699. — Lindl. 
Syn. p. 22. — Hook. Brit. FI. p. 307. — Lightf. FI. Scot. v. i. p. 357. — Sibth. FI. 
Oxon. p. 202. — Abb. FI. Bedf. p. 144. — Belli. FI. Cant. (1st ed.) p.252. — Ait. 
Hort. Kew. (2nd ed.)v. iv. p. 118.— Purl. Midi. FI. v. i. p. 311. — Grev. FI. Edin. 
p. 145. — Winch’s FI. of Northumb & l)urh.p.44. — Don’s Gen. Syst. of Gard. 
and Bot. v. i. p. 154 2 — Bab. FI. Bath. p. 4. — Mack. FI. Hibern. pt. i. p. 17. — 
Cheiranthus fruticulosus, Engl. Bot. t. 1934. — Curt. Brit. Entomol. v. vii. 
t. 325. — Linn. Mant. p. 94- — Sm. FI. Brit. v. ii. p. 709. — Willd. Sp. PI. v. iii. 
pt. i. p 516.— Sm. Engl. FI. v. iii. p. 203. — With. (7th ed.) v. iii. p. 776. — Gray’s 
Nat. Air. v. ii. p. 681. — Davies’ Welsh Bot. p. 64. — Rein. FI. Cant. (3rd edit.) 
p. 269. — Puit. Midi. FI. v. iii. p.368. — Hook. FI Scot. p. 202.— Rev. G. E. 
Smith’s PI. of S. Kent. p.36. — FI. Devon, pp. 113 & 190. — Johnston’s FI. of 
Berw. v. i p. 146. — Walker’s FI. of Oxf. p. 192. — Perry’s PI. Varv. Sel p. 56. — 
Mack. Catal. of PI. of lrel. p. 62. — Leucojum luteum, vulgo Cheiri flore sim- 
plici, Ray’s Syn. p. 291. — Viola lutea, Johnson’s Gerarde, p. 456. 
Localities. — On old walls, ruins, &c. 
Perennial. — Flowers in April, May, and June. 
Root woody. Stem shrubby, brownish, a foot high, upright, 
branched; branches angular, leafy, clothed with bristly, silvery 
hairs, which are 2-parted nearly to the base, each division close 
pressed to the stem in an opposite direction. Leaves numerous, 
crowded, stalked, spear-shaped, pointed, almost always entire, rigid ; 
deep green above, paler underneath, clothed more or less with 
2-parted, silvery, close-pressed hairs, like those on the branches, 
pods, and calyx. Flowers corymbose, very sweet scented. Calyx 
(fig. 1.) reddish-purple. Corolla yellow; petals with a long narrow 
claw, and broad, spreading or recurved limb (see fig. 3). Style 
short. Stigma notched at the end. Pods racemose, nearly upright, 
straightish, from 1 to 2 inches long, covered with close, 2-parted 
hairs ; each valve marked with an elevated central line, which often 
disappears about halfway up. Seeds (figs. 8 & 9.) flat, with a nar- 
row, membranous, deciduous border at one side, as well as at the 
summit, of each. 
Several varieties of this plant are cultivated in gardens; as the double yellow — 
the large-flowered yellow — the large double pale yellow — and the single, and 
double bloody-flowered — but none of these impart a more delightful fragrance 
than the wild one. There is a very curious variety sometimes met with, in which 
the petals are very diminutive, and the anthers changed into carpels *. — In June, 
1836, 1 received, from Mr. J. Denson, jun. some specimens of a very singular 
variety of the double-flowered yellow Wall-flower; in this variety the pedicels 
or partial flower-stalks are very much elongated, with joints or constrictions at 
intervals; the constrictions, as Mr. Denson observes, appear to have been the 
sites of so many whorls of petals, and peihaps of sepals. If so, the pedicel be- 
comes a common axis to several flowers, which successively develope themselves 
as the pedicel advances in length, and then fall offin the same order. In one of 
the specimens received, the fourth constriction has a whorl of 6 petals still at- 
tached to it, with a full-flower at the termination of the axis orelongated pedicel. 
This variety of the Wall-flower is analogous to the proliferous variety of the 
double-flowered Ranunculus bulbosus, a plant not uncommon in cottage gardens. 
“ The Wall-flower has been considered the emblem of fidelity in misfortune, 
because it attaches itself to the desolate, and enlivens the ruins which time and 
neglect would otherwise render repulsive. It conceals the savage tecords of 
feudal times by decorating the castle walls; occupies the painful void of the 
mouldering abbey ; and wreathes a garland on the crumbling monument, de- 
serted even by grateful memory. It is the flower with which the romance-writers 
embellished all their decaying battlements, falling towers, and monastic ruins; 
and it seems as necessary to their stories as the dark ivy, the screeching owl, and 
the gliding spectre itself.” 
* An account of this curious variety of the Wall-flower, with some interest- 
ing observations on some of the apparent anomalies exhibited in the structure of 
the floial organs of cruciferous plants, by J. W. Howell, of Bath, may be seen 
n The Cheltenham n, aadzine, for October, 1836. 
