60 The Census o/1891 and Rural Depopulation. 
according to the disposition and temperament of the individual ; 
but of the reality and continuing nature of the movement itself 
no candid and careful student of the Census Returns can enter- 
tain any doubt. 
L. L. Price. 
Oriel College, Oxford. 
WILD BIRDS USEFUL AND INJURIOUS. 
II. Warblers, Tits, Pipits, Buntings, and Finches. 
Warblers. 
The Warblers include several species of birds, more or less 
generally known, but not always discriminated from each other. 
They come to us in the spring of the year from the South of 
Europe and Africa (the males usually arriving some days before 
the females), and return to a milder climate for the winter. 
The Whitethroat, Peggy-white throat, or Nettle-creeper 
Fig. 1.— Whitethroat, Sylvia rufa. 
(Sylvia rufa), is perhaps the best-known and most widely distri- 
buted of the warblers. It is (fig. 1) a soberly clad bird, the head 
and neck being smoke-grey, the back reddish-brown, the quill 
feathers greyish-brown, the tail feathers brown with the ex- 
ception of the three outer pairs, which are marked with white, 
and the underparts brownish-white. The whole length is five 
inches and a half. The whitethroat arrives in this country 
about the third week in April, and its vigorous song, often 
