102 
Management of Aberdeen Angus Cattle. 
and given at regular intervals. They do not want coddling up in 
warm places, but should be kept in covered folds which are well 
lighted and ventilated, and in which they have plenty of room 
to move about, and twice a day they should be let out into a 
yard to scamper and play about. They should be accustomed to 
being handled, and kept clean with brush and comb, and should 
any of them be observed to be itchy and rubbing themselves, 
they should be washed with some of the dressings that are sold 
for the purpose. 
Nothing will give better results than good care of the young 
ones, and if this is bestowed it is astonishing how well they can 
afterwards rough it. After being turned out at May Day, they 
need not be brought into the house again until the following 
spring, and then only for service. A shed in the field that they 
can go into if inclined to do so, and oat straw in the winter, are all 
they require, but if it is thought advisable to give them cake it 
should be linseed cake ; in my experience cotton cake is not a 
suitable food for heifers that are to be bred from. Before being 
served it is advisable to accustom them to be tied up by the 
neck in the byre ; this completes their education. 
Having traced the calves from birth to the time when the 
bulls are sold and the heifers put to breeding, we may now 
consider the 
Qualities of the Bull. 
I have already pointed out the supreme importance of the 
stud bull — he makes or mai’s the herd — and I have also men- 
tioned that the young bulls are generally sold when about 
twelve months old, and when they are quite fit to serve a limited 
number of cows or heifers. Those in want of a good young 
bull think it no trouble to travel hundreds of miles to find one. 
And there is one advantage in buying at this time — namely, that 
his sire, dam, and other members of his family may be seen at 
his place of birth. 
The stud bull should have a straight top and under line, be 
deep and wide round the heart, have strong loins, be neat at the 
tail-head, have short legs well set on, a good polled head, an 
honest face, and withal plenty of muscular development (flesh) 
and masculine character. See that he walks well, and that his 
hocks are good ones — the latter is an important point in a bull. 
If to his personal qualities he adds descent from good parents, 
and belongs to a prolific, long-lived, sound family, that is the 
bull to buy, and the probabilities are that he will be a success. 
To obtain him neither trouble nor money should be spared. 
