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Management of Aberdeen Angus Cattle. 
A mature bull disposes of a large amount of air, hence what may- 
be considered ventilation for an ordinary animal is not sufficient 
for him. There should also be a walled yard adjoining the 
house, into which the bull can go at any time for exercise and for 
relaxation from the monotony of his box. During summer, and, 
in fact, for so long as the weather will permit of it, he should be 
kept in a well-fenced (walled for preference) small paddock 
containing a shed into which he can retire when inclined to 
do so. 
Bulls are great thinkers and have wonderfully retentive 
memories ; they must not be played with, teased, or ill-used — the 
temper of many a bull has been ruined by such treatment. 
Do not make an unnecessary fuss about the bull. Be gentle 
yet firm, without harshness, and he behaves like a gentleman; 
use him roughly or strike him wantonly, and he will certainly 
never forget it, but will wait his time, and probably pay you 
back with compound interest. 
In some herds the bull is allowed to run with the cows ; this 
looks very like Nature’s plan, and under certain conditions it 
may be permitted. But there are various drawbacks and risks 
attending it. In the first place, his temper may from some cause 
be rendered disagreeable, and trouble may result ; and his powers 
of hearing and smelling are so acute that he may be tempted to 
cross hedges and ditches in order to visit some neighbouring herd ; 
whilst if put amongst cows with bull calves the latter combine 
to fight him. They cannot hurt him, but they torment him, and he 
can get no peace for them ; and if he is put amongst the cows 
that have heifer calves, some of the latter may be served by him. 
I have known a calf six months old served by a bull over a ton 
in weight. 
Tkeatment of the Cows. 
If the cow has calved and cleansed properly there is very 
little further trouble with her ; of course she needs attention and 
careful dieting. As to food, so long as she is in the house 
sloppy mash, sweet hay, and a few turnips are all that are required. 
Cake is not necessary, neither is it advisable to give it — at any 
rate, until she has been again safely settled in calf. 
From certain causes, such as abortion, premature calving, 
difficult calving, and fast or retained cleansings, the generative 
organs sometimes become much deranged and require careful 
and special treatment. Let me here say that all such cases 
should be isolated. 
After a prolonged and difficult calving, particularly in heifers 
