Senior' Examination Papers, 1894 . 
339 
EXAMINATION IN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING. 
Maximum Number of Marks, 200. Pass Number, 100. 
Tuesday, May 8th, from 10 a.m. till 1 p.m. 
N.B. — Not more than half the questions should be attempted. 
1. Explain the arrangement of a pair of two-sheave blocks and calculate 
the mechanical advantage gained in lifting weights. 
2. What is meant by the term “ Energy ” in mechanics, and how is it 
measured ? 
3. Explain how it is that water on the earth does not set into solid ice 
throughout its bulk in severe frosts, and show why, when it does set, the melt- 
ing, in warm weather, goes on very slowly. 
4. Describe the various means by which heat is diffused or communicated 
from one place to another or from one substance to another. 
5. What is the reason why air requires more heat to raise its temperature 
a given number of degrees when at constant pressure than when at con- 
stant volume ? 
6. Describe the construction of the barometer, and explain its use in the 
ordinary transactions of life. 
7. What are the resistances to be overcome by water flowing through a 
pipe, and how are these resistances usually measured ? 
8. Sketch an ordinary water-wheel taking its water about the level of its 
axis. 
9. How is the efficiency of a steam boiler ascertained, and what does 
“ coefficient of efficiency ” mean ? 
10. Sketch an ordinary slide valve of a steam-engine, and explain the 
distribution of steam during one revolution of the crank shaft. 
11. Describe the difference between a non-condensing steam-engine 
and a condensing engine, and state what is meant by “ surface con- 
denser.” 
12. Describe the action of a petroleum engine in which the combustion 
of the oil takes place in the engine. 
13. Describe one of the methods of applying steam power to the culti- 
vation of land. 
14. Describe the mechanical appliances in use in cutting and securing a 
hay crop. 
15. Sketch a chaff or straw cutter and describe its mode of action. 
16. Sketch and describe a centrifugal cream separator. 
17. Describe the means by which the power of a water-wheel or steam 
engine is transmitted to a number of machines. 
18. Describe a form of light railway such as is suitable for farm work. 
EXAMINATION IN BOTANY. 
Maximum Number of Marks, 100. Pass Number, 50. 
Friday, May 11th, from 2 p.m. till 4 p.m. 
Seven questions at st must be answered. 
1. What is protoplasm, and what functions does it perform in the plant ? 
2. Describe the elements of a vascular bundle in the stem of a grass. 
3. How do plants receive, use, and part with water, oxygen, and carbonic 
acid gas ? 
4. What is an achene, a siliqua, a legume, and a drupe ? Give examples of 
each. 
