504 
Typical Farms in East Anglia. 
Bullocks are generally bought in the autumn to consume the roots and 
convert the straw into manure. 
All the crops were good, and the land, much given to surface and other 
weeds, was clean and well farmed. 
Weeds were collected and burned, and the ashes were being mixed with 
mineral superphosphates and drilled into the land for the roots. 
3. The Farm of Mr. C. E. E. Cooke, Hinxton Grange, 
Whittlesford, Cambridge. 
This is a large arable farm belonging to Major de Erevelle, the altitude 
being 90 feet on the river banks and about 230 on the higher fields. The 
subsoil is chalk and gravel, and the soil a fairly friable one, with a con- 
siderable mixture of clay, requiring careful and seasonable working. 
It is held under a lease begun in 1889, the tenant having power to sell 
hay or straw, but he must bring back feeding stuffs of an equal value. He 
can farm as he sees fit, but must leave the farm at the expiry of his lease 
under a four-course system. Compensation for unexhausted improvements 
is arranged for in the agreement. 
Being a Norfolk man, Mr. Cooke has all along managed his farm to some 
extent different from his neighbours. 
Under the four-course system he has a great breadth of roots, and with 
the help of cake and corn he feeds a large number of bullocks and converts 
his straw into valuable manure to be spread on the layers for the wheat- 
crops. 
Last year’s drought caused a failui-e of the clovers, and the ordinary rota- 
tion is for a time disjointed. This year a considerable breadth of barley is 
following barley, while the old layers were left, entailing a shorter acreage 
of wheat. 
Owing to the situation of the main farm buildings the farm is an 
expensive one to work. 
Built on the river side, in the heart of the grass land, the buildings are at 
the lower extremity of the farm and distant from the arable fields. 
To reduce expenses and save labour in haulage of roots and manure, 
Mr. Cooke has built a bullock yard near the centre of the farm. This he 
has done almost entirely at his own expense. 
The whole of the grass land is pastured. It lies along the river side and is 
fairly good, but not what could be termed rich feeding grass. 
Subjoined are the particulars of the extent, annual outlay, &c. : — 
Arable 
Grass 
Rent 
Rates 
Artificial 
manures 
: Cakes, Ac. 
Labour 
Labour 
per acre 
acres 
900 
acres 
125 
£ a. 
935 0 
£ .5. 
58 10 
£ s. 
250 0 
£ s. 
966 0 
£ s. 
1,537 0 
£ 3. 
1 10 
In the matter of feeding stuffs, about 400 quarters of home-grown oats 
and 60 to 70 quarters of light wheat and barley are annually consumed. 
The amount given for labour includes wages paid to gardener, grooms, 
&c., and the rent given includes the game rent, as the tenant has the shooting. 
There were on the farm on the 8th of June — 
58 horses. 
9 old steers. 
4 cows. 
3 calves. 
520 ewes, rams, and hoggets 
677 lambs. 
24 pigs. 
And 200 head of poultry 
(no chickens counted). 
