514 
Typical Farms in Fast Anglia. 
Holdings Act, leave being given, but not taken advantage of, to sell one 
quarter of the hay, straw, and roots grown in any year. 
While a large quantity of manures and feeding-stuffs are annually 
bought, no figures were given as to the amount paid, and the following 
table will make other payments clear : — 
Arable 
G rass 
Rent and tithes 
Rates 
Gross labour 
bill for past year 
Average labour 
bill per acre 
acres 
r 
acres 
100, 97 of 
£ s. (1. 
£ s. <1. 
£ s. d. 
£ s. d. 
€50 j 
which are 
pastured 
| 500 0 0 
75 0 0 
937 10 0 
15 0 
Along with his farm Mr. Morton owns 40 acres of marshes on which he 
grazes 40 steers, and after they are brought to the home farm to be fed in 
the yards on roots, &c., his ewes are sent down to the relief of the home 
land. 
He puts the rent of his own land at 80 1. a year. This would seem a 
reasonable sum considering the stock it carries. The four-course system of 
farming is followed generally, but not absolutely adhered to. 
In Mr. Morton’s case, as well as in that of almost all others whose farms 
were gone over, last year’s drought, by killing the clovers and grass-seeds, 
upset the regularity of the course of cropping. 
Many expedients were tried to meet the loss of the clovers ; catch-crops 
were grown, harley followed barley, and winter oats were grown to be fed oft 
with the ewe flock up to a certain time and then allowed to stand for a crop. 
In other fields thousand-headed kale, Italian rye-grass, and trifolium 
were tried, and although, taken as a whole, they were poor subtitutes for a 
full plant of clover, a considerable quantity of valuable feed was raised. 
Mr. Morton made the statement that, after expending 2501. on seeds 
last year, he considered the drought left him with less than 20/. worth. 
Before, however, last year’s drought affected the regular rotation, part 
of the land had been left down in grass. Having dunged a seed-field in 
preparation, as is the custom, for wheat, he did not plough it up ; and after 
four years in grass it is now a beautiful close sward which will be allowed 
to lie so long as the grass looks as well as it now does. 
At the time of my visit there were on the farm 
37 pedigree Shorthorn cattle. 
3 crossbred cattle. 
680 sheep. 
47 horses. 
12 pigs, 40 having just been sold. 
60 head of poultry. 
The pedigree cattle consisted of 14 cows, 6 in-calf heifers, 7 yearling and 
heifer’ calves, 9 yearling andbull calves, and one stock bull. Great attention 
has been given to the selection of sires, and the herd all through is a level 
good one. Lately a good market has been opened up for the young bulls 
in South Africa ; and, to suit the trade, attention has been given to the 
colour of the sires used, reds being much preferred by the exporters. 
While there is no pretension to anything great, in the matter of dairy 
work done on the farm, here, as in everything else under Mr. Morton’s 
management, practical care and attention are exercised. 
Butter of a superior quality is made, and commands a ready sale in a 
local market. Mr. Morton’s daughters get a bonus of Id. a pound for all 
butter sold at Is. per lb. The following is a statement of the dairy account 
for the past three years : — > 
