Typical Farms in Fast Anglia. 
523 
Many of the young mangel plants were eaten off, leaving the land bare in 
parts of the field. Mr. Walker remarked that he had been bom under 
game, and grown up with it, otherwise he could never have submitted to 
the amount of damage annually done. 
For the past four years the receipts for grain were — 
£ t. <i. 
1890 . . 1,059 5 0 1892 
1891 . 863 8 8 1893 
£ s. <1. 
728 15 10 
503 11 6 
17. The Colonial College Farms, at Hollesley Bay, Suffolk. 
This is a large holding, the extent in round numbers being 1 ,000 acres 
arable and 600 acres pasture, with a considerable acreage under timber, and 
a further extent returned as heath. 
The subsoil is red crag on the London clay, the soil is good, and the 
annual rainfall from 19 to 20 inches; the altitude above sea level is 70 feet. 
The farm is the property of the College, and is generally cultivated on 
the four-course system. 
The College charges itself 21 s. an acre rent, including tithes. 
About two-thirds of the grass-land is grazed, and a third mown for hay. 
Cattle and sheep grazing on the marshes (the farm is close on the coast) 
consume large quantities of aitificial food, this, even on the portions mown, 
being considered sufficient manurial return for the hay taken off. 
At the time of my visit the crops all looked well, the land was clean, 
and the management evidently good. 
There are seven different sets of buildings or homesteads on various 
parts of the farm. These, as far as possible, are assigned to the different 
kinds of stock. 
The stock consists of 
48 working horses. 490 lambs. 
20 colts and fillies. 500 grazing sheep. 
50 cows. 100 pigs. 
300 breeding ewes. ( And about 600 head of poultry. 
The cattle stock vary much in numbers according to the season. 
There are several superior pure bred Suffolk mares, and the young stock 
from these are very good, great attention being given to the sires used. 
The dairy is managed so as to meet the requirements of the College as 
a dairy school. Butter and quite a number of the different kinds of cheese 
are made, so that the students may practically understand the different 
systems. Milk is sold so far as needed by neighbours and people employed 
on the estate. 
The breeding sheep receive particular attention, and are a level good 
lot of pure Suffolks. They are managed in the usual way of the district, 
every care being taken to keep the lambs well. 
About 1,7007 a year is paid for feeding-stuff's, cakes, corn, &c., and some 
3007 worth of home-grown grain is annually consumed on the farm. The 
labour bill in 1893 was 2,1607, about the usual amount. This sum does 
not include a large annual expense incurred for gardens, workshops, &c., 
which is not charged to the farm. 
A stretch of nice working land is set apart and cut up into garden plots 
for the students. Much interest is evidently taken in these plots, students 
vying with each other in the neatness of their work, and the crops their 
individual plots produce. 
Workshops are provided and every opportunity is afforded the students 
to practically learn the different trades. 
