Typical Farms in East Anglia. 
525 
Linseed cake is bought with a guarantee as to purity ; very little cotton 
cake is used ; the whole of the beans grown upon the farm — generally about 
50 acres — are used for feeding, and latterly a considerable quantity of the 
wheat. Maize is given with beans as feed for the horses, and with other 
foreign grains it is used as pig food. 
In ordinary seasons 400 to 500 shearling sheep and about 60 bullocks 
are fed during the summer to go out as fat before harvest, when 500 to 600 
lambs are bought, but the failure of the root crops through last year’s 
drought entailed empty bullock yards and sheepfolds. Any practical 
farmer can fancy how this state of matters must upset the whole economy 
of such a holding. At the time of my visit there were 
51 horses. I 1 cow. 
11 bullocks. | And 206 pigs. 
Pigs are looked upon as profitable stock, and are fed in dry. warm, 
well-littered yards. 
The land is too heavy to carry the feeding sheep in winter, and con- 
venient folds are made for them near the straw stacks and where they can 
be allowed to run out on some of the grass land. These folds are kept 
littered and dry, and in wet seasons sheep are often fed in the hullock 
yards. 
The four-course system is the one generally adopted, and in fact it has 
never been departed from except that during the past six years a portion of 
the fallow shift has been put to mangel seed growing, a crop which has 
proved a paying one. 
19. The Farm of Me. S. 11. Sherwood, Hazleivood, Saxmundham, Suffolk. 
This farm, on the River Aide, near the coast, is from 20 to 60 feet above 
the sea level. The annual rainfall is put at 24 inches, and the soil is generally 
light, on a sandy subsoil. The farm belongs to T. Vernon Wentworth, Esq. ; 
the present occupier has held it since 1881 as a yearly tenant, under the usual 
Suffolk customs. He has perfect freedom as to cropping and sale of produce. 
His payments, &c. are as under : — 
Arable 
Grass 
Rents and 
tithes 
Rates 
Manures 
Cake, 
corn, &c. 
Labour 
Labour 
per acre 
acres 
acres 
£ s. 
£ s. 
£ 8. 
£700 and 
£155 worth 
£ s. 
£ s. 
272 
193 
347 0 
34 0 
100 0 
of home 
grown 
grain con- 
sumed 
597 10 
1 10 
Of the grass land, over 90 acres are poor, almost barren, sheep walk, 
mostly covered with furze, and the remainder, low-lying meadows, cannot be 
termed superior quality, although evidently it produces a considerable 
quantity of rather rough food for stock. 
About a quarter of these meadows is annually mown for hay. 
The usual four-course system is generally pursued on the arable land, 
the exception being some of the lighter fields, and these, if the layers are a 
thick good plant, are allowed to lie down two or three years. 
Being light land it is much given to the growth of annual and surface 
weeds, while twitch seems a prevailing weed in the neighbourhood. Mr. 
Sherwood’s farm is free of twitch and all through it is clean and well farmed. 
