Rotation of Crops. 
603 
in the lower division of the Table, side by side with the total 
produce (corn and straw) of the beans ; and the results for the 
clover are entered in parentheses. 
Briefly to summarise the results given in the Table, it may 
be stated that the average produce of clover, reckoned as hay, 
was, without manure, rather over 3,000 lb. ; with the super- 
phosphate (in the last year with potash, soda, and magnesia 
also) nearly 6,000 lb. ; and with the mineral and nitrogenous 
manures together for each course, about 6,800 lb. With the 
mineral manure alone, therefore, there was about twice as 
much, and with the mineral and nitrogenous manures together, 
considerably more than twice as much, as without manure. 
Compared with these amounts of clover reckoned as hay, the 
seven bean crops (corn and straw together) gave an average 
of about 1,700 lb. without manure, of nearly 2,400 lb. with 
mineral manure alone, and about 3,200 lb. with the mineral and 
nitrogenous manures together. 
Not only, therefore, was the average produce of the bean 
crop very much less than that of the clover, but in point of fact 
it was only in one year, 1862, that anything like a really good 
crop of beans was obtained. It may be added, though the 
point will be further illustrated presently, that the crops of the 
four years of clover contained, even without manure about as 
much nitrogen as, and with each of the two manures considerably 
more than, those of the seven years of beans. In fact, the 
average produce of the bean crop, and of nitrogen in it, was 
very much less than in the case of the clover. Nevertheless, 
even the average yield of nitrogen was much more in the beans 
than in either of the cereals with which they were grown in 
alternation. Thus, without manure, the four clover crops gave 
an average of 60-2 lb. of nitrogen per acre, and the seven bean 
crops 34 - 9 lb. ; but over the eleven courses the barley gave an 
average of only 28'0 lb., and the wheat of only 3T7 lb. With 
mineral manure alone, the average yield of nitrogen was, in 
the clover 119'2 lb., in the beans 49 - 2 lb., in the barley only 
27'7 lb., and in the wheat only 39'3 lb. Lastly, with mineral 
and nitrogenous manure together, the clover gave an average 
yield of nitrogen of 134 - 6 lb., the beans of 64T lb., the barley 
41 - 2 lb., and the wheat 43‘5 lb. There can, indeed, be no doubt, 
that the leguminous crops, and especially the clover, growing 
on land in the same condition, and similarly manured, have the 
power of taking up much more nitrogen over a given area from 
some source, than the cereals with which they are interpolated ; 
and that the beneficial effects of the growth of such crops in rota- 
tion with the cereals are intimately connected with this capability. 
