AND AMERICAN RURAL SPORTS. 
51 
at the angle of each jaw, which exhales a strong 
hircine odour, and between this spot and the ear the 
hair is pale, or nearly white. There are no external 
indications whatever of a crumen or lachrymal opening. 
The horns are black, rise directly upwards and outwards, 
without any inclination either forwards or backwards, and 
curve sharply in towards each other at their tips. At the 
base the distance between them is 31 inches; within 2 inches 
of the tip, where they begin to curve inwards, the dis- 
tance between them is 10§ inches, and the tips are 7 
inches apart. The horns are much compressed, in a 
lateral direction, to about half their height, where they 
give out a thin, triangular, or bracket-shaped process, 
which projects directly forwards for more than an inch. 
The surface of the lower half of the horns is striated, and 
is rough, with small warts and knobs, two or three of 
which project from a quarter to half an inch. The situa- 
tion of these larger knobs varies in different specimens. 
The horns above the flat snag have a shining, striated sur- 
face, are nearly round, and taper considerably. The 
upper parts of the body are of a clear, yellowish-brown 
colopr, deepening on the ridge of the back into blackish- 
gray. The hairs are much longer between the ears, and 
on the back of the neck, where they form an erect mane, 
of a blackish-brown colour on its tips. The sides and 
thighs are paler than the back, and approach in colour to 
a clear wood-brown. The under jaw has a very pale 
yellowish-brown colour, fading to white. The hair is 
bushy about the angle of the lower jaw, and has a wood- 
brown colour. This colour forms three belts across the 
throat, which differ from each other in breadth, and are 
separated by two patches of pure white. The chest, 
belly, insides of the thighs, and legs, the tail, and a large 
patch round it, which includes the rump, and upper part 
of the buttocks, are pure white. There is a pale yellow- 
ish mark at the root of the tail. The tail is d£ inches 
long. The legs are slender, with long shank-bones; the 
fur, covering their anterior surfaces, is yellowish-brown. 
It has only two hoofs, there being no vestige of the pos- 
terior supplementary ones. 
<£ The hair which clothes the body, resembles that of 
a moose or rein-deer in its structure. It is long, round, 
tapering from the root to the point, waved, and of a soft 
and brittle texture, particularly towards the root, where it 
is easily compressed, and does not regain its round foi’m 
again. Its interior is white and spongy, like the pith of 
rush. When the hair makes its first appearance in the 
summer, it forms a smooth coat, and has the ordinary 
flexibility and appearance of hair ; but as it lengthens it 
acquires the brittle, spongy texture, at its roots, and in- 
creasing at the same time in diameter, it becomes erect, 
and forms a very close coat. As the spring approaches 
the fine and flexible points are rubbed off, particularly on 
the sides, where the hair appears as if it had been clipped. 
The mane on the hind-head and neck retains its darker 
points, even when the winter coat is dropping off. The 
nose, cheeks, part of the lower jaw, ears, and legs, are 
clothed at all times with short flexible hairs, which He 
smoothly. 
“ The females are stated, by some American writers, 
to have horns like the males, although smaller; but in 
gravid, and, therefore, at least nearly full-grown indivi- 
duals, which I have examined, there was merely a short, 
obtuse process, of the frontal bone, scarcely to be felt 
through the fur, and not covered with horn. 
“ The young , at birth, are covered on the upper parts 
with short hair of a clove-brown colour, more or less 
hoary. The situation of the mane is marked by a dark 
line. The tail is yellowish-brown, and the buttocks are 
pure white. The dark mark on the nose, the one behind 
the angle of the jaw, and the bands across the throat, 
exist as in the adult. The legs are of a pure wood- 
brown colour. 
DIMENSIONS. 
Feet, 
Length from the nose to the root of the tail, - 4 
Height at the fore shoulder, 3 
“ “ haunches, ..... 3 
Girth behind the four legs, 3 
“ before the hind legs, .... 2 
Length of the tail, with the hair, .... 0 
Inches. 
4 
0 
0 
0 
10 
H 
MIGRATION OF MAMMIFEROUS QUADRUPEDS. 
Although in speculating on “ philosophical possibili- 
ties,” said Buffon, the same temperature might have been 
expected, all other circumstances being equal, to produce 
the same beings in different parts of the globe, both in the 
animal and vegetable kingdoms, yet it is an undoubted 
fact, that when America was discovered, its indigenous 
quadrupeds were all dissimilar from those previously 
known in the old world. The elephant, the rhinoceros, 
the hippopotamus, the cameleopard, the camel, the drome- 
dary, the buffalo, the horse, the ass, the lion, the tiger, 
the apes, the baboons, and a number of other mammalia, 
were nowhere to be met with on the new continent; while 
in the old, the American species, of the same great class, 
were nowhere to be seen — the tapir, the lama, the pecari, 
the jaguar, the couguar, the agouti, the paca, the coati, and 
the sloth. 
