50 
THE CABINET OF NATURAL HISTORY 
serve as much as possible the position of the different cli- 
mates in which each variety is found. As has already been 
mentioned, the shepherd’s Dog is assumed as the starting 
point. This variety, when transported into cold regions, 
becomes ugly and small; though in Russia he still main- 
tains his distinctive characters; in temperate climates, and 
among perfectly civilised nations, he loses his savage air, 
his erect ears, his rude long hair, and assumes the form of 
the mastiff, bull dog, or hound, which latter is the most dis- 
tant remove from the original stock. The hound, setter, 
and terrier, are of the same race, according to Buffon, and 
he states, that the same birth has produced all these varie- 
ties. If the hound be transported to Spain or Barbary, it 
will become either a spaniel or water Dog. The Irish grey- 
hound, when taken to the north, is converted into the great 
Danish Dog; and when transported to the south, becomes 
the common greyhound. But it would be useless to pur- 
sue the opinions of this beautiful but theoretical writer, to 
a greater length, particularly as it is by no means proved 
that the original stock was identical with the shepherd’s 
Dog. 
Pennant has also given an arrangement of these animals, 
which is tolerably correct, though it is still deficient in 
many particulars. The best which has been presented to 
the world, is that of F. Cuvier, who has paid much atten- 
tion to this intricate subject; this classification, which dif- 
fers much from that of Buffon, has also been adopted by 
Desmarest, and is as follows. He first divides them into 
three groups; Matins, Spaniels, and Dogues. 
I. Matins, or those Dogs having more or less elongated 
head, the parietal bones approaching each other, and the 
condyles of the lower jaw placed in a horizontal line with 
the upper jaw teeth. 
Yar. A. New Holland Dog. C. f Australasia. Desm. 
Dingo. Shaw. Inhabits New Holland. 
B. French Matin. C.f. laniarius. Linn. Matin , 
Buffon. France. 
C. Danish Dog. C. f. Danicus. Desm. Grand 
Danois. Buffon. 
D. Grey hound. C. grains. Linn. Levrier, Buf- 
fon. This variety is still further subdivided. 
a. Irish grey hound. 
b. Scotch grey hound. 
c. Russian grey hound. 
d. Italian grey hound. 
e. Turkish grey hound. 
In this group may also be placed the Albanian Dog. 
II. Spaniels, or Dogs having the head very moderately 
elongated, the parietal bones do not approach each other 
above the temples, but diverge and swell out so as to en- 
large the forehead and cerebral cavity. 
Var. E. Spaniel. C. f. extrarius. Linn. This also, is 
divided into many subvarieties. 
a. Small spaniel. Le petit epagneul. Buffon. 
b. King Charles’s spaniel. C. brevipilis. Linn. 
Le Gredin. Buffon. 
c. Le Pyrame. Buffon. We have no Eng- 
lish name for this Dog 
d. Maltese Dog. C. melitaus. Bichon. Buff. 
e. Lion Dog. C. leoninus. Linn. 
f. Calabrian Dog. This variety is originally 
from Spain, hence its English name. 
F. Water spaniel. C. aquations. Linn. Grand 
barbet. Buffon. 
a. Small water spaniel. Petit barbet. Buffon. 
b. Le Griffon. The intelligence of these Dogs 
appears to be more suceptible of develop- 
ment than in any of the other varieties. 
G. Hound. C. f. gallicus. Linn. Chien cou- 
rant. Buffon. 
H. Pointer. C. avicularius. Linn. Braque. 
Buffon. 
a. Dalmatian pointer. Braque de Bengal. 
Buffon. 
I. Turnspit. C. f. vertagus. Linn. Basset a 
jambes droites. Buffon. 
a. Crooked legged turnspit. Basset a jambes 
torses. Buffon. 
b. Chien burgos. Buffon. 
K. Shepherd’s Dog. C. f. domesticus. Linn. 
L. Wolf Dog. C. pomeranus. Linn. 
M. Siberian Dog. C. sibiricus. Linn. 
N. Esquimaux Dog. C. f. borealis. Desm. 
O. The Alco. C. f. americanus. Linn. To this 
group should also be added, the Alpine span- 
iel, the Newfoundland Dog, the setter, and 
the terrier. 
III. Dogues, or Dogs having the muzzle more or less 
shortened, the skull high; the frontal sinuses large; the 
condyle of the lower jaw extending above the line of the 
upper jaw teeth. The cranium is smaller than in the two 
preceding groups. 
Var. P. Bull Dog. C.f. molossus. Linn. 
a. Thibet Dog. 
Q. Mastiff. C. f. anglicus. Linn. 
R. Pug Dog. C.f. fricator. Linn. Le doguin. 
Buffon. 
S. Iceland Dog. C. f. islandicus. Linn. 
T. Small Danish Dog. C. f. variegatus. Linn. 
U. Bastard Pug. C. f. hybridus. Linn. Le 
roquet. Buffon. 
V. English Dog. C.f. britannicus. Desm. 
