MISS A. M. GELDART ON STRATIOTES ALOIDES, L. 185 
Komi River at 67 i° ; and in Sweden, though rarely flowering, 
the female plant goes as far N. as 6i°, occurring in 10 provinces. 
In N. Europe it is so abundant that, like Hydrocharis, it is 
used for manure. In Denmark, Stratiotes is always female. 
Both forms occur in Holland in special abundance ; also at 
Danzig, Bremen, Luneberg, in Oldenburg, Westphalia, 
Holstein, and Brunswick, at Lauenburg and Wittenberg on 
the Elbe, Barby, Konigsberg, several places in the neighbour- 
hood of Berlin, at Mechlenburg, and at Grodno in Russia. 
According to Bergen the female is very rare at Frankfort on 
the Oder, but the male is predominant. In Brabant and 
Flanders, Rouccl found only the male plant, no matter how 
carefully and often he looked for the female. The male plant 
occurs near Bordeaux, the only locality for Stratiotes in France. 
Found in Austria (R. Danube), Moravia, Hungary, Tran- 
sylvania, Finland and nine provinces of Russia, Stratiotes 
does not appear S. of 40° N. Eat., its southern limit being 
Catalonia (Spain), Mantua (Italy). Servia, Rumania, and the 
Caucasus. Its northern limit of distribution corresponds 
roughly with the isotherm of 32 0 Fahr. during March, April, 
and May, when Stratiotes is rising ; and the same isotherm in 
September, October, and November when the plant is sinking 
in the water. 
STRATIOTES AS A FOSSIL. 
Mr. Clement Reid records (Origin of the Brit. Flora, 1S99, 
p. 153, etc. ; Trans. N. & X. Nat. Soc., vol. v. page 382, 
vol. vi. p. 328) that fossil seeds of Stratiotes have been found 
in the preglacial deposit of Cromer Forest-bed. at Beeston 
and Sidestrand in Norfolk, Corton in Suffolk, and a single 
specimen in the interglacial bed at South Elmham : also at 
Fahrenkrug in Holstein, and abundantly in the probably 
interglacial bed at Ivlinge bei Cottbus, near Berlin. 
In a letter received from Mr. Clement Reid last October, 
he says : — “ Only the detached carpels are found fossil — 
not the whole fruit. All my fossil specimens were apparently 
fully developed and ripe, some looked as if they had germi- 
