MR. W. G. CLARKE ON NORFOLK FLINT IMPLEMENTS. 223 
Norfolk Neolithic implements into (i) early Neolithic, or 
Cissbury type; (2) intermediate Neolithic, or those typical 
of the heavier lands of the county, where boulder clay is the 
subsoil ; (3) late Neolithic, or those from the lighter lands, or 
sandy sites, and (4) those of flint or other stone which has 
been polished, or of igneous rocks. 
(1) Early Neolithic, or Cissbury type. Implements of 
this type are only found in a few localities, and probably 
only where ancient flint-quarries are situated, such as Cissbury 
Camp, Sussex, and other isolated hills in the North and South 
Downs ; Spiennes, in Belgium ; Larne, near Belfast ; Grimes 
Graves Weeting, Massingham Heath, and Ringland, in Norfolk. 
The colour of these implements is perhaps their most character- 
istic feature. At Cissbury, Lieut. -Col. Lane-Fox (afterwards 
General Pitt- Rivers) says* in describing his finds, that the 
implements “ at the time of their fabrication were of course 
of the natural dark colour of the interior of a block of flint. 
But in the course of ages, their surface lias become whitened 
by decomposition, so as to resemble to the unpractised eye 
the outer coating of a flint nodule.” He adds that some 
flakes dug out of a bed of clay “ retain to a greater extent 
their original dark blue colour.” At Grimes Graves, the 
implements are all grey or white, but more polished than those 
of Massingham and Ringland, probably due to the more ex- 
posed situation on the border of the fenland and the greater 
quantity of moving sand. Dr. C. B. Plowright saysf that 
many of the Massingham implements were almost porous, 
resembling unglazed porcelain, but those found on the surface 
were as highly polished as ordinary Neoliths. Their colour 
varied from “ creamy white to pale blue, often mottled with 
yellowish or brownish patches, and frequently covered by 
minute black or dark brown specks.” These are also very 
frequent on the Ringland implements. I broke nine Ringland 
implements of the Cissbury type and found the white coating 
on all was extremely thin, not exceeding in. in thickness. 
The interior of three may be described as black, of four as 
* ‘ Archccologia,’ vol. xlii. p. 53 et set/. 
t Trans. Norfolk and Norwich Nat. Soc. vol. v. p. 250. 
