MR. W. G. CLARKE OX NORFOLK FLINT IMPLEMENTS. 227 
possible, though I do not think it probable, that implements 
of this type might be contemporary with those of the Cissbury 
type, for while the excavated flint would weather in the 
course of ages, that which had been long exposed to atmos- 
pheric changes and had lost almost all its moisture before 
being chipped, would not be so affected. In most cases the 
flint is opaque, and in many instances the chipping is some- 
what dull, possibly because of the absence of attrition, and 
the resultant polish, from particles of sand. As might be 
expected, the implements are, as a rule, poor in design, and 
their variety is limited. From Norfolk specimens in various 
collections the chief varieties appear to be axes of the rudest 
type, but with a well-worked cutting edge ; hollow scrapers, 
somewhat irregularly worked, and occasionally right-angled 
instead of concave ; pointed implements, probably used as 
borers, awls, or drills ; rough fabricators ; single-edged 
flake-knives ; square-ended, oval, and thumb-nail scrapers ; 
discoidal implements ; implements of irregular shape with 
one end chipped to a working edge ; and a number of nonde- 
script implements worked all round, for which no definite 
use can be assigned. A typical form of implement is a 
nodule broken in halves, with the crust left on except at one 
end, where the chipping though covering only a small portion 
of the implement is often very delicate. As the majority of 
the implements are formed of portions of flint nodules, instead 
of flakes, they are much thicker than those in the next group. 
It is very probable that these are by far the most abundant 
implements in the county — in four hours’ search at Ringland 
one day, Mr. G. Rye and I found 294 in addition to 42 of the 
Cissbury type — but they are overlooked except by those with 
some amount of special knowledge, as there is little in their 
outline to indicate that they are artifacts ; it can only be 
determined by the chipping. While in the majority of cases 
it is quite easy to distinguish the intermediate Neolithic 
implements, in others there appears to have been a decided 
development and ultimately an approximation to the imple- 
ments of the late Neolithic type. This is the case at Ringland 
where the chipping of some of the boulder clay implements 
