MISCELLANEOUS NOTES AND OBSEKVATIONS. 857 
of Azolla, which I believe to be A. caroliniana, growing in the 
dyke on the right side of the road leading from Woodbastwick 
to Horning Ferry, and quite near to the Ferry. 
It was growing in such masses that the surface of the 
water was completely covered with it, and it was curious to 
notice that it was confined to this dyke, there being none in 
the dyke the other side of the road. I have never found it 
before, and it would be interesting to know when and how it 
got introduced there. 
It has been found in Hainault Forest in Essex in 1904 
(Essex Naturalist, vol. xiii., p. 352) and also in a pond at 
Highgate (l.c., p. 361). Specimens were sent, some time 
ago, to Dr. Plowright, from Worcestershire. 
The Rev. M. C. H. Bird states that the plant is known to 
have lived through the winter of 1907-08. at Epping. 
Mr. Bird also sends the following note, copied from the 
Roy. Hort. Soc. for Nov. 1908 (p. 268), and signed G. R. 
Azolla filiculoides (. 1 . magellanica). “ Introduced 
from California. Resemble miniature Selaginellas. but 
are aquatic. A. filiculoides is often mistaken for the 
more common A. caroliniana, but it has larger leaves, and 
though almost tropical, it survives the most severe 
continental winters. On the Dutch lakes, ponds, and 
ditches the plants form a thick covering — at first green, 
later reddish in colour — to the detriment of other weaker 
water-weeds. In October or November they decay, 
leaving the sporangia, which sink, to rise to the surface 
in May the following year, and however few may survive 
the winter, by July their numbers have increased by 
millions. They will not grow everywhere : the water 
must have a muddy bottom, with a certain amount of 
humus, and not too much lime. .4. caroliniana. an older 
plant in Europe, increases much slower, and often dis- 
appears from places where it may have been at times 
plentiful.” 
Last September (190S). I brought a small bag full of Azolla 
from the dyke near Horning Ferry, and introduced them 
into a small pond in the garden at Woodbastwick Old Hall. 
