614 
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
DxR Parent 
|j (gametes). 
DR* F 1 
Df DR Ri 
1 2 1 
I am accumulating facts showing that Menclelism acts in producing 
sex in bees. How extraordinary current explanations are in this question 
of bee sex may be understood when I state that the drone, a perfect male, 
is supposed to arise from an unfertilised egg of the queen — and this in view 
of the fact that in crossing with a black (English) queen and an Italian 
drone (yellow-striped) some of the progeny show yellow stripes. The view 
of the origin of the drone from an unfertilised egg is neither a fact nor a 
theory, but a reductio ad absurdum. 
The following are the main conclusions of this inquiry : — 
1. The human zygote is an impure dominant of F 1 in Mendel’s scheme. 
2. Two varieties of gamete — male and female, sex and non-sex — are 
required to produce it. 
3. The dominant and recessive determinants of sex are united in the 
sex gamete, and do not segregate normally. 
4. It is probable that the somatopleuric determinants are in the 
main present in the non-sex gamete ; the sexual and splanchno- 
pleuric ones in the sex gamete. 
5. A teratoma most probably arises from an imperfectly reduced 
non-sex gamete. 
6. The free-martin is not a sterile cow when the potent twin is a 
bull, but a sterile bull with the recessive sexual determinants 
segregated in it. It is an extracted recessive. 
7. Dominance of a character probably means that it is expressed in the 
soma, while at the same time the recessive character is secluded 
in the propagative part of the same plant, but is not expressed 
in the soma. It appears in the soma in a later generation ; and 
when the plant breeds true, the recessive or dominant character 
is present pure both in the propagative and somatic part. 
8. The theory of gametic segregation is doubtful. 
9. The gametes are derived, not from the germ or sperm epithelium, 
* The equivalent of the human zygote. 
t The equivalent of the potent twin in black cattle (extracted dominant). 
I The equivalent of the free-martin (extracted recessive). 
