650 
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
The conductivity was also taken of a series of solutions in which the 
concentration of acid was kept constant, but the concentration of the base 
was varied. The hydrolysis in this case was calculated from the specific 
N 
conductivity. In the case of the — solution, for example, the calculation 
16 
was as follows : — 
S = Specific conductivity of salt = 
H= „ „ of HC1 = 
M = Observed specific conductivity. 
x — Amount of base hydrolysed. 
102*6 
~rir~ 
392 
16 “ 
= 6 - 4 . 
= 24 - 5 . 
When acid and base are in equivalent proportions, M— (1 — x) S + rH. 
When the concentration of base is half that of the acid, M — (‘5 — x) S 
+ ('5 -\-x) H. 
When the concentration of base is *25, that of the acid M = (*25 — x) S 
+ (*75 + cc) H. 
The hydrolysis is of course at a maximum when acid and base are 
equivalent ; and it will also be noted, although it does not follow from the 
foregoing, that ^ is at a minimum with equivalent proportions of acid 
and base. The variation from the mean becomes less and less as the acid 
used is more dilute. 
(1) Constant Concentration of 
Acid — — . 
16 
Concentration 
of Base. 
M., 
Specific 
Conductivity. 
X. 
rO |Vj 
|-3 
16 
173-1 
10-82 
•244 
200 
32 
262-2 
16-4 
•053 
256 
With smaller concentrations of base, 
becomes still greater. 
Constant Concentration of Acid = — . 
J 32 
Concentration 
of Base. 
M„. 
Specific 
Conductivity. 
X. 
kb 
K' 
16 
141-5 
4-421 
•1180 
213-9 
32 
206-5 
6-452 
•3398 
182-7 
64 
284-0 
8-876 
•2086 
200-9 
Mean 
199-2 
