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Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
was marked by a distinct facet, so that provision existed for the articulation 
of the 10th rib with the 11th post-cervical vertebra. 
Vertebral Formula . — The St Andrews skeleton had 47 vertebrae, and a 
similar number was found in the 1885 Shetland and the Dalgety Bay 
specimens, but the spines in the 1881 and 1895 animals were incomplete. 
The complete skeletons had 7 cervicals; 11 post-cervicals articulating with 
10 ribs which were therefore dorsal vertebrae; 29 lumbo-caudal vertebrae, of 
which 11 may be termed lumbar and 18 caudal. The formula may be 
written C 7 D 11 L 11 Cd 18 = 47. Variations in the relative number of lumbar 
and caudal vertebrae may without doubt from time to time occur. 
The length of the spine in the St Andrews skeleton, without allowing 
for the thickness of the intervertebral discs, was 12 feet 5 inches, and the 
length of the skull was 2 feet 8| inches, together 15 feet 3i inches. 
Professor MTntosh estimated that the carcase was over 16 feet, and the 
length of the skeleton, allowance being made for the thickness of the discs, 
corresponded with this measurement. The Mesoplodon stranded in Dalgety 
Bay was 15 feet 1 inch in length ; but, as the epiphysial plates of the 
vertebrae were not completely fused with the bodies, the animal was not 
fully grown, and although a male, the mandibular teeth projected only 
2'6 cm. beyond the alveolus. The Shetland specimen, 1885, measured 
15 feet 8 inches, the epiphysial plates were fused with the bodies, and the 
mandibular teeth projected 4’5 cm. beyond the alveolus. About 16 feet may 
therefore be regarded as the usual length of the adult Sowerby’s whale. 
Sternum . — It consisted of five transverse segments with four large 
intersegmental holes. The 1st, much the largest, 22 cm. long, was a broad 
plate, with two cornua in front, between which was a deep presternal notch. 
The two lateral halves of the 2nd segment were united mesially by a 
suture ; the 5th or terminal segment was incomplete, and the hole between 
it and the 4th had an imperfect boundary behind ; the 3rd and 4th segments 
were completely fused in the middle line. Each lateral border had articular 
facets for five costal cartilages : that for the 1st cartilage marked the 
anterior part of the 1st segment; those for 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th were 
opposite the line of articulation between the 1st and 2nd, 2nd and 3rd, 3rd 
and 4th, 4th and 5th sternal segments. 
Pelvic Bones . — These bones were rudimentary ; each consisted of a 
slender bar, 61 mm. long and 10 mm. in greatest width, faintly curved at 
the ends, which were attenuated. There was no sign of a rudimentary 
femur. 
Anterior Extremity . — The Scapula were plate-like, 32 cm. in diameter 
between the anterior and posterior angles, and 22 cm. between the glenoid 
