693 
1908-9.] The Skeleton of a Sowerby’s Whale. 
and vertebral borders. The coracoid was 10'6 cm. in length. The post- 
spinous fossa formed so large a proportion of the outer surface that the 
pre-spinous fossa was a mere groove. The spine was a sharp low ridge, but 
the large plate-like acromion was 11*2 cm. long and 4'6 cm. wide. 
The Humerus was a short thick bone, only 15'5 cm. long. The head, 
neck and tuberosity were distinct ; the shaft was somewhat flattened on its 
two surfaces, on the inner of which was a roughened dejDression, stronger 
in the left bone ; the lower end had definite facets separated by a sharp 
ridge for the radius and ulna, and a concave surface on the inner border of 
the bone received the articular facet of the olecranon process. 
The Radius and Ulna were parallel and not movable on each other. 
The radius was 16‘5 cm. long, the shaft was 4*5 cm. wide at the middle, its 
surfaces were flattened. The humeral epiphysis was blended with the 
shaft ; the carpal one was ossified, though not fused with the shaft. The 
ulna was almost the same length as the radius, the shaft was 3'2 cm. wide ; 
the carpal epiphysis was ossified but not fused ; the olecranon epiphysis was 
ossified but movable on the shaft, and in this respect it differed from the 
bone in the 1885 and 1888 specimens, in which the olecranon was completely 
fused with the ulna, though in them the carpal epiphysis was distinct. 
Manus. — The manus was pentadactylous. It consisted of carpus, meta- 
carpus and phalanges enclosed in a common tegumentary covering. The 
Carpus had a proximal row , procarpus, a distal row, sometimes called meso- 
carpus, a pisiform and an os centrale or ossa centralia. In the proximal and 
distal rows the bones were flattened on the palmar and dorsal surfaces and 
the cartilage between them was thin. The procarpus consisted of the three 
bones usually found in this row of the cetacean carpus, the relative position 
of which is indicated by their names, radiale, the smallest ; intermedium, the 
largest; and the ulnare. The intermedium had a longitudinal groove on 
the palmar surface for the flexor digitorum ulnaris, and its upper border 
sent an angular prolongation between the carpal epiphyses of the radius 
and ulna. 
In my memoir on the Sowerby’s whale captured in 1885,* I described its 
carpus and showed that the distal carpalia were only three in number, 
which I designated as follows : the smallest was carpale x , next to which was 
a large bone which represented carpalia 2 + 3 , and on the ulnar side a large 
bone which represented carpalia 4 + 5 . In the St Andrews example a 
similar arrangement existed. C l5 21 mm. in transverse diameter, articulated 
distally with the metacarpal of the pollex, M I; also with Mu, and with 
the radiale, centrale and the conjoined C 2 -f-C 3 . Carpalia 2 + 3 formed a 
* Journal of Anat. and Phys., vol. xx. p. 180. 
