— 100 — 
The resulting land tax from the improved irrigation in Upper or 
Lower Egypt he has estimated as follows : — 
it I?* , 1 \ Basin land converted . . 750,000 acres @ £ *50= £ 375,000 
PP r gyp • | Land irrigated by pumps.. 100,000 „ @ £ *30= „ 30,000 
Lower Egypt. Reclaimed land 800,000 „ @ £1.00= „ 800,000 
Total.. .. .. £1.205,000 
39. Development of the Sudan.— Lord Cromer’s wise decision 
to construct the Suakin- Khartoum railway immediately and the Abu 
Hamed-Dongola railway as soon as possible, is the charter of the deve- 
lopment of the Sudan. With these railways and especially the former 
in working order, we can arrange for irrigation works for the produc- 
tion of cotton and wheat for export, knowing that they can be exported 
at a cost of transport which will not be absolutely prohibitive. The 
soil of the Sudan along the Blue Kile, the Atbara, the Main Kile and 
a great part of the White Kile is the same as that of Egypt itself. It 
has all come from Abyssinia. When at Khartoum last February, I 
collected specimens of typical Gezireh soil from points 10 miles south 
of Khartoum and from near Khartoum itself. They were analysed 
by Mr. Frank Hughes and reported on by Mr. Foaden. 
The specimens were numbered as follows : — 
(1) Typical Gezireh soil from a point 10 miles south of Khartoum 
near the Blue Kile. 
(2) Typical Gezireh soil from a point 2 miles south of Khartoum 
near the White Kile. 
(3) White Kile side under cultivation in 1904. 
(4) White Kile side below flood level. 
(5) Blue Kile side, not so common as (1). 
(6) The sandy soil generally within 5 miles of Khartoum. 
Kos. 1, 2, 5, and 6 are above high flood level of both Kiles. 
“The nitrogen and salt were determined in the samples, as received, 
without drying. 
Nos. 1 2 3 4 5 6 
Nitrogen 0*078 0*059 0*062 0*057 0*056 0*052 
Common salt 0*050 0*020 0*010 0*090 0*170 0*020 
“ All contain abundance of carbonate of lime ; Kos. 1 and 2 might 
almost be called calcareous. All gave a strong reaction for phos- 
