I76 THE FAUNA AND FLORA OF FLORDON COMMON. 
upon it ; a small portion of the western common yields good 
hay ; several areas of sedge and rush are cut for litter, 
furze for fuel, and ash and hazel from the hedges for incidental 
uses ; while watercress is gathered from the stream, and from 
the ditch fed by the springs. 
The mammals noted were naturally few, comprising 
moles, common field-voles, water-voles, hares and* rabbits. 
Common lizards, newts, frogs, and toads also occur. Frog 
spawn is very abundant in the early spring, and in April. 1909, 
we measured one solid mass in the northern ditch 3 ft. 8 in. 
long by 2 ft. 7 in. broad. 
The bird-life of the common is not particularly varied. 
Forty-seven species of birds were noted at various times, and 
the nests or young of 19 species. Of those not nesting the 
only ones worthy of note are the herons and woodcock. 
The nesting species are the mistle-thrush, song-thrush, black- 
bird, robin, lesser whitethroat, hedge-sparrow, long-tailed 
titmouse, wren, meadow-pipit, sand-martin, goldfinch and 
chaffinch. Probably the most common nesting-bird on the 
marsh was the reed bunting (Ember iza schceniclus, Linn.), 
though the nests are not easily found. Those noted were 
chiefly beneath the shelter of the dead leaves of Carex 
paniculata, though one was built in the middle of a tuft 
quite open to the sky, and another in a clump of Juncus 
effusus. Other nesting-birds were the kingfisher, pheasant, 
common partridge, moorhen, coot, lapwing, and common 
snipe. 
Our list of mollusca is certainly not exhaustive, as the 
species were identified by Mr. A. Mayfield, M.C.S., from 
a small quantity of marsh soil sent to him from a mole-hill. 
The land species were Ptmctum pygmceum (Draparnand), 
Hygromia sericea (Drap.), V allonia pulchella (Muller), Cochli- 
copa rubrica (Muller), Jaminia muscorum (Linne), Vertigo 
antivertigo (Drap.), Vertigo pygmaea (Drap.), Vertigo angustior 
(Jeffreys), Succinea elegans (Risso) and Carychium minimum 
(Muller), and the aquatic species Limncea pereger (Muller). 
Limncea truncatula (Muller), Planorbis vortex (L.) and 
Valvata cristata (Muller). Helix nemoralis (L.) was also 
