MIGRATION AND OTHER ORNITHOLOGICAL NOTES. 615 
STARLING { Sturnus vulgaris ). — The first immigrants from 
the east were seen coming in on October 2nd, and there were 
arrivals noted coming in from this direction on many days 
during the month, and up to November 2nd. Occasionally the 
direction was from N.E. This immigration was noted to take 
place, unlike the coastal movements of Finches, etc., almost at 
any time of day. During the latter half of October, on nearly 
every day some flocks were noted coasting south in the early 
morning. Flocks were noted going east as early as February 
18th, but no more until March 14th, on which day many 
attempted the easterly journey but returned on meeting fog out 
at sea. On March 14th and 27th some were seen coasting 
south, and at the end of the month and up till April 8th on 
several days flocks were coasting north. 
JACKDAW ( Corvits monedula ) and Rook (C. frugilegus ). — 
The first immigrations from the east were noted on October 
14th, and were witnessed on many days up to November 23rd. 
These two species are nearly always associated together in the 
same flock, though occasionally one may see flocks of nothing 
but Daws ; more often Rooks alone. Sometimes the line of 
flight is from the N.E. Immigrants were noted coming from 
the east at Southwold and Aldeburgh. On October 28th, with 
the wind strong N.N.E., no movement of any kind (either of 
these species or of any other) were noted, and yet on the 16th, 
some were coming in with an equally strong E. wind (force 5), 
and again on November 23rd. The spring movement began on 
February 18th, when some departed eastwards, but it was not 
until the end of March that movements became frequent, and 
up to April 22nd flocks were seen going east (occasionally N.E. 
or S.E.) on many days. During this period of migration flocks 
were seen on many days going north, and on three days in 
April going south. This spring movement seems very complex, 
and at present not easy to interpret, but I can fully corroborate 
what I said before (Vol. ix., p. 427), that the direction of the 
wind appears to make no difference to the direction of migration 
— indeed I have seen the migrant flocks take off in three different 
directions on the same morning It was again noted that fog 
