42 
THE DESCENT OF MAN. 
Part L 
how jealous a dog is of his master’s affection, if lavished 
on any other creature ; and I have observed the same fact 
with monkeys. This shews that animals not only love, 
but have the desire to be loved. Animals manifestly 
feel emulation. They love approbation or praise ; and 
a dog carrying a basket for his master exhibits in a high 
degree self-complacency or pride. There can, I think, 
be no doubt that a dog feels shame, as distinct from 
fear, and something very like modesty when begging 
too often for food. A great dog scorns the snarling of 
a little dog, and this may be called magnanimity. 
Several observers have stated that monkeys certainly 
dislike being laughed at; and they sometimes invent 
imaginary offences. In the Zoological Gardens I saw a 
baboon who always got into a furious rage when his 
keeper took out a letter or book and read it aloud to 
him ; and his rage was so violent that, as I witnessed on 
one occasion, he bit his own leg till the blood flowed. 
We will now turn to the more intellectual emotions 
and faculties, which are very important, as forming the 
basis for the development of the higher mental powers. 
Animals manifestly enjoy excitement and suffer from 
ennui, as may be seen with dogs, and, according to 
Rengger, with monkeys. All animals feel Wonder, 
and many exhibit Curiosity. They sometimes suffer 
from this latter quality, as when the hunter plays antics 
and thus attracts them; I have witnessed this with 
deer, and so it is with the wary chamois, and with some 
kinds of wild-ducks. Brehm gives a curious account of 
the instinctive dread which his monkeys exhibited 
towards snakes ; but their curiosity was so great that 
they could not desist from occasionally satiating their 
horror in a most human fashion, by lifting up the lid 
of the box in which the snakes were kept. I was so 
much surprised at his account, that I took a stuffed and 
