Chap. II. 
MENTAL POWERS. 
41 
Africa. Orphan- monkeys were always adopted and 
carefully guarded by the other monkeys, both males 
and females. One female baboon had so capacious a 
heart that she not only adopted young monkeys of 
other species, but stole young dogs and cats, which she 
continually carried about. Her kindness, however, did 
not go so far as to share her food with her adopted 
offspring, at which Brehm was surprised, as his monkeys 
always divided everything quite fairly with their own 
young ones. An adopted kitten scratched the above- 
mentioned affectionate baboon, who certainly had a 
fine intellect, for she was much astonished at being 
scratched, and immediately examined the kitten’s feet, 
and without more ado bit off the claws. In the 
Zoological Gardens, I heard from the keeper that 
an old baboon ( C . chacma ) had adopted a Rhesus 
monkey ; but when a young drill and mandrill were 
placed in the cage, she seemed to perceive that these 
monkeys, though distinct species, were her nearer rela- 
tives, for she at once rejected the Rhesus and adopted 
both of them. The young Rhesus, as I saw, was greatly 
discontented at being thus rejected, and it would, like 
a naughty child, annoy and attack the young drill and 
mandrill whenever it could do so with safety; this 
conduct exciting great indignation in the old baboon. 
Monkeys will also, according to Brehm, defend their 
master when attacked by any one, as well as dogs to 
whom they are attached, from the attacks of other 
dogs. But we here trench on the subject of sympathy, 
to which I shall recur. Some of Brehm ’s monkeys 
took much delight in teasing, in various ingenious 
ways, a certain old dog whom they disliked, as well 
as other animals. 
Most of the more complex emotions are common to 
the higher animals and ourselves. Every one has seen 
