158 
THE DESCENT OF MAN. 
Part L 
CHAPTER Y. 
On the Development of the Intellectual and Moral 
Faculties during Primeval and Civilised Times. 
The advancement of the intellectual powers through natural selec- 
tion — Importance of imitation — Social and moral faculties — • 
Their development within the limits of the same tribe — Natural 
selection as affecting civilised nations — Evidence that civilised 
nations were once barbarous. 
The subjects to be discussed in this chapter are of 
the highest interest, but are treated by me in a most 
imperfect and fragmentary manner. Mr. Wallace, 
in an admirable paper before referred to , 1 argues that 
man after he had partially acquired those intellectual 
and moral faculties which distinguish him from the 
lower animals, would have been but little liable to 
have had his bodily structure modified through natural 
selection or any other means. For man is enabled 
through his mental faculties “to keep with an un~ 
“ changed body in harmony with the changing universe.” 
He has great power of adapting his habits to new 
conditions of life. He invents weapons, tools and 
various stratagems, by which he procures food and 
defends himself. When he migrates into a colder 
climate he uses clothes, builds sheds, and makes fires ; 
and, by the aid of fire, cooks food otherwise indigestible. 
He aids his fellow-men in many ways, and anticipates 
future events. Even at a remote period he practised 
some subdivision of labour. 
1 * Anthropological Review,’ May, 1864, p. clviii. 
