Chap. VI. 
AFFINITIES AND GENEALOGY. 
197 
ence of this sub-group, and no doubt it is a broken 
one ; thus the orang, as Mr. St. G. Mivart remarks , 12 
is one of the most peculiar and aberrant forms to be 
found in the Order.” The remaining, non-anthropo- 
morphous, Old World monkeys, are again divided by 
some naturalists into two or three smaller sub-groups ; 
the genus Semnopithecus, with its peculiar sacculated 
stomach, being the type of one such sub-group. But 
it appears from M. Gaudry’s wonderful discoveries in 
Attica, that during the Miocene period a form existed 
there, which connected Semnopithecus and Macacus; 
.and this probably illustrates the manner in which the 
other and higher groups were once blended together. 
If the anthropomorphous apes be admitted to form 
natural sub-group, then as man agrees with them, 
mot only in all those characters which he possesses in 
common with the whole Catarhine group, but in other 
peculiar characters, such as the absence of a tail and 
-of callosities and in general appearance, we may infer 
that some ancient member of the anthropomorphous 
sub-group gave birth to man. It is not probable 
that a member of one of the other lower sub-groups 
should, through the law of analogous variation, have 
given rise to a man-like creature, resembling the higher 
anthropomorphous apes in so many respects. No 
doubt man, in comparison with most of his allies, has 
undergone an extraordinary amount of modification, 
•chiefly in consequence of his greatly developed brain 
and erect position ; nevertheless we should bear in 
mind that he “ is but one of several exceptional forms 
of Primates .” 13 
Every naturalist, who believes in the principle of 
12 ‘ Transact. Zoolog. Soc.’ vol. vi. 1867, p. 214. 
13 Mr. St. G. Mivart, ‘ Transact. Phil. Soc.’ 1867, p. 410. 
