Chap. VI. 
AFFINITIES AND GENEALOGY. 
201 
Echidna, and other mammals. But all these breaks 
depend merely on the number of related forms which 
have become extinct. At some future period, not 
very distant as measured by centuries, the civilised races 
of man will almost certainly exterminate and replace 
throughout the world the savage races. At the 
same time the anthropomorphous apes, as Professor 
Schaaffhausen has remarked , 16 will no doubt be exter- 
minated. The break will then be rendered wider, for 
it will intervene between man in a more civilised state, 
as we may hope, than the Caucasian, and some ape as 
low as a baboon, instead of as at present between the 
negro or Australian and the gorilla. 
With respect to the absence of fossil remains, serving to 
connect man with his ape-like progenitors, no one will 
lay much stress on this fact, who will read Sir C. Lyell’s 
discussion , 17 in which he shews that in all the vertebrate 
classes the discovery of fossil remains has been an 
extremely slow and fortuitous process. Nor should it 
be forgotten that those regions which are the most 
likely to afford remains connecting man with some 
extinct ape-like creature, have not as yet been searched 
by geologists. 
Lower Stages in the Genealogy of Man .— W e have seen 
that man appears to have diverged from the Catarhine 
or Old World division of the Simiadae, after these had 
diverged from the New World division. We will now 
endeavour to follow the more remote traces of his 
genealogy, trusting in the first place to the mutual 
affinities between the various classes and orders, with 
some slight aid from the periods, as far as ascertained, 
16 1 Anthropological Review,’ April, 1867, p. 236. 
17 ‘Elements of Geology,’ 1865, p. 583-585. ‘ Antiquity of Man, 
1863, p. 145. 
