1G2 
COLONEL FEILDEN AND MR. GELDART ON 
clad with coppice wood rising to a height of twelve to fifteen feet, 
and is chiefly composed of Birch, Betula intermedia, and Willows, 
Salix lanata with S. phylicifolia. Betida nana is very plentiful, 
but nowhere larger than a shrub ; Pyrus aucuparia and Juniperus 
communis are intermixed ; but the predominant feature of the 
woods is Birch. The undergrowth is chiefly Empetrum nigrum, 
V accinium, Mosses, Lichens, and plants of various kinds which 
generally hide the rock surface. As we look up the Ukanskoe 
to the south, it appears beyond the rapids, as a brawling 
river not unlike one of our Scottish Highland streams. The banks 
are edged with high accumulations of immense boulders, which are 
also spread broadcast over the shallow' river-course, the clear water 
rushing and foaming between them. There are brown Trout, 
Salmon Trout, and Salmon in the stream. Nowhere is the vegetation 
very profuse along the river course, but several species of Viola 
showed, with Gnaplialium dioicum and Pediadaris sudetica, here 
and there Taraxacum dens-leonis, Sedum rhodiola, Lychnis alpina 
and Phyllodoce cairulea. Looking closely, we meet with Trientalis 
europan, and Bartsia alpina is not uncommon. In the dells 
leading from the river to the upland, vegetation is richer, gurgling 
rills trickle down most of them, and the Birch W'oods screen the 
flowers from the bitter winds, which come on so suddenly that 
in a few minutes there may be a change from what seemed tropical 
heat, with myriads of mosquitoes in attendance, to a temperature 
at the freezing-point, and the disappearance of one’s tormentors. 
In these sheltered gullies and on the slopes Anthriscus sylvestris 
grows abundantly, but from the water’s edge to an elevation 
of 150 feet Veratrum lohelianum is the representative plant. 
Yellow-blossomed Trollius europceus w r aved all around ; this last 
flower proved a valuable aid in collecting insects. When a sudden 
change took place in the temperature, the Globe-flower closed its 
petals into a tight ball, but not before the flies, diptera, beetles, 
and many other species of insects had fled for refuge to these 
sheltering bowers. With a camel’s hair brush and deft fingering, 
many minute insects were transferred from these retreats to the 
collecting tubes. Alyosotis sylvatica. and AI. palustris grew by the 
edges of the rills, with Nardosmia frigida, Saussurea alpina, 
Archangelica officinalis, Cornus suecica, and Adoxa moschatellina. 
