180 
E. A. MINCHIN AND H. M. WOODCOCK. 
or figured under one name or another, and from one or more 
birds. The true stout spindles, it may be noted, which 
type is distinguished by Zupitza as <f T. avium minus” 
occurred in most instances alone, just as we found to be the 
case. 1 Massive blue forms were also met with (termed in one 
case “T. a vi um maj u s 3 ’ and in another T . ziemanni). 
From the descriptions which have been given of the trypano- 
some of the little owl and of T. f ri n gill inarum in this 
and the preceding memoir, it will be clearly seen, we think, that 
these various names, such as T. avium minus, T. avium 
maj us, etc., can be regarded only as general designations for 
different types or phases which occur in the life-cycle of, at 
any rate, many species of Avian trypanosome. They do not 
represent distinct and independent forms or varieties. A 
further very important point brought out is that this applies also 
to the type which has been hitherto distinguished as T. 
ziemanni. f f T. zi eman n i ” is really only the large “ blue” 
phase of T. noctuae, the trypanosome parasitic in Athene 
noctua. This is equally true, we have no doubt, for the 
species parasitic in Syrnium al uco, whether that is to be 
considered also as T. noctuae, or as being a distinct species. 2 
Mayer (12), in his recent paper on the parasites of this latter 
owl, which will be more fully dealt with in a subsequent 
memoir, figures trypanosomes which belong both to the stout 
spindle t} 7 pe and to the large massive forms, the latter being 
regarded as “Leueocytozo on-forms,” i. e. as equivalent 
to SchaudiniTs T. ziemanni. 
As we stated in the earlier part of this paper we have seen 
nothing in the case of the parasites of the little owl to lend 
any support to the view that these large trypanosomes are 
actually connected with the Leucocytozoon ziemanni. 
In the first place the latter parasite, in its large form, always 
1 Unfortunately we cannot gather from Zupitza’s account whether 
his birds were all examined at the same season of the year, or at diffe- 
rent periods. 
2 If it is a distinct species, to it belongs the name T. avium, as 
emended by Laveran (8). 
