20 G. A. Lebour — On the Terms “ Bernician ” and “ Tuedian.” 
The chief points insisted on by nie were, — 1. The division of tlie 
Carboniferous roeks into Upper and Lower only, — 2. The recogni- 
tion of the Gannister Beds and Millstone Grit only as subordinate 
members of the Coal-measures Group, — 3. The adoption of the names 
Bernician and Tuedian for the two great series constituting the Lower 
Carboniferous, and including all the rocks from the Yoredales to the 
Upper Old Bed Conglomerate, both inclusive. The reasons for these 
changes need not be repeated here. 
When, in the discussion which followed the reading of this paper, 
Mr. Warrington Smyth condemned the coining of new names for 
divisions of local value, I liad little to say in answer to the Charge, 
since I was conscious of having a year before been guilty of pro- 
posing the word “ Bernician ” at the Bristol Meeting of the British 
Association and in the Geological Magazine. The words Coal- 
measures, Gannister Beds, and Millstone Grit were as old as the 
hills, and the only expressions that could be ealled in question were 
“ Bernician” and “ Tuedian.” Of these the latter was proposed. in 
1S55 by Mr. George Tate, of Alnwick, who up to about ten years 
ago was perhaps the only man who had studied the Calciferous Sand- 
stone series south of Scotland. I therefore could only feel respons- 
ible for the term “ Bernician,” and with an author’s modesty I re- 
frained from then giving that narne all the praise which I feit it 
deserved. I am now no longer in that embarrassing position, and 
can now say (what I then thought) that the word is an excellent, 
most appropriate, and convenient one, and that it is well fitted to 
come into general use. 
The fact is that it turns out that I am not the originator of 
“Bernician.” Within the last few weeks I have discovered this, 
and hasten to throw the responsibility of its creation on the shoulders 
of one whose reputation is far better able to bear it. The term was 
proposedin 1856 by the late Dr. S. P. Woodward, who, at p. 409 of 
bis “Manual of the Mullusca,” thus defines the Carboniferous portion 
of the geological column : 
tv r r v. fc. 1 8. Bernician. Carboniferous Limestone (Sbale and Coal). 
. L ar 0 r J | g XJemetian. Coal-measures (Millstone, Grit, Coal, etc.). 
Nothing more is said as to these terms, and except in the “Manual” 
they have not been reprinted anywhere to my knowledge until 1874, 
when Karl Mayer printed bis table of sedimentary rocks, in which 
he characterizes the Carboniferous System as follows : 
* III. Köhlen-Gebilde. 
r, T, ,. .tt, j j ( I. b. S. Etienner Schichten (Maver, 1874). 
B. Demetian (Woodward, 1859) ( L gtadtberger „ K ,, 
A. Bernician (Woodward, 1859) j 
The date 1859 is a mistake. It was on seeing this table a few 
days ago that my attention was drawn to Dr. Woodward’s use of the 
term Bernician. As no explanation of this term is given in the 
Manual, in which, indeed, it appears but once, it is perhaps not 
surprising that it should have escaped general attention. That Dr. 
Wood ward should have proposed it, that Dr. Karl Mayer should, 
