Reviews — Heer's Primceval World of Switzerland. 85 
it is bounded by tbe Jura, and by tbe keights of tke Cretaceous 
rocks belonging to that cbain. 
Fig. 5. Central Europe in the Middle Miocene Period (the Helvetian stage). The 
continents are white; and the shaded parts represent the sea. (Fig- 154, 
p. 296, Heer.) 
Tke following are tke divisions recognized by Prof. Heer : — 
tt ( Upper Freshwater Molasse. 
Miocene I V - U PP er Brown Coal-formation. 
miocene. | (Eningian Stage. 
I Marine Molasse. 
IV. Helvetian Stage. 
Subalpine Molasse. 
Shell Sandstone. 
f Lower Freshwater Molasse, 
j III. Grey Molasse Stage. 
T rv-a I II- Lower Brown Coal-formation. 
Miocene. < Mf™ian Stage. 
Red Molasse. 
| Marine Molasse. 
l_I. Tongrian Stage. 
“Switzerland takes tke lead of all countries in its abundant 
deposits of Miocene plants. Tkere are about eigkty places in 
Switzerland where Miocene plants kave been collected.” Of tkese 
Monod kas yielded 193 species ; Locle, 140 species ; Hoke-Rhonen, 
142 species; and (Eningen, 465 species; 920 species of Miocene 
plants are known to Heer from various Swiss localities. 
Tkere can be little doubt tkat forests covered Switzerland in the 
Miocene Period probably similar in character to tbose wkick clotke 
the valleys of tke Orinoco and tke Amazon in South America at tke 
present day. 
Cupressinea and Äbietinece are the two ckief Coniferous families 
wkick during tkis period composed so large a proportion of tke 
forest Hora all over Europe. 
