Dr. Feüstmantel — Bohemian Coal Fauna and Pa-ssage-Beds. 107 
Furthermore, the Coal-bearing group of both tke basins contains 
two portions, a lower and a higher one. 
The lower portion is truly Carboniferous, with a Carboniferous 
Flora and Fauna (as far as known), and contains true Coal only. 
Tho upper portion contains in both districts, besides a thinner 
Coal-seam, still another stratum of C-oal, in the form of a very 
bituminous Coal of schistose structure, which may be generally 
denoted as “ Gas-coal ” or “ Gas-skale.” In both basins, this Gas-coal 
contains animal-remains different from those in the lower portion ; 
they are, on the contrary, such as we find generally in the Permian 
strata. The Flora, however, wliich occurs partly in this Gas-coal, 
but to a greater extent in the shale above, is alniost througkout 
Carboniferous. 
This stratum is therefore in both basins that of most importance, 
as indicating the passage from the lower and truly Carboniferous beds, 
to the undoubted Permian formation. 
II. — Consideration of eacli of the districts specially. 
Here only the objective facts are given as observed by my- 
self and others, and as they really are seen ; from these it will be 
apparent of what age these beds should be considered. 
1. The Coal-basin of Pilsen, 
a. The Nükschak Gas-coal. 
This is the great Coal-basin in S.W. Boliemia, extending gene- 
rally from S.W. to X.E., beginning, as I mentioned, at Dobrzau and 
Mautau, and spreading as far as Plass to the N.E., including especially 
the localities Lihn, Blattnitz, Wilkisehen, Steinoujezd, Nürsckan, 
Pilsen, Tremoschna, Dobraken, etc. 1 
Here the Coal-seams overlie each other, as is seen especially in 
the interior of the basin, wkere first an upper Coal-seam must be 
traversed to reach the lower one ; this is especially seen in the 
shafts at the villages Nürsckan and Steinoujezd, and furtker to- 
wards the north at Tremoschna. 
In the shafts W. of Nürsckan (as Steinoujezd, Lazarus, Humboldt), 
the upper seam is reached at a depth of 60 to 115 metres from the 
surface; the seam itself is about 1 m. 6 dec. m. thick; immediately 
below it is the Nürsckan Gas-coal, about 40 to 48 centimetres thick; 
then follows the Lower Coal-seam about 20 to 30 metres thick. 
In the immediate neighbourhood of Nürschan (Station of the 
Western-Bohemian Railway), at the mines of Dr. Pankraz, the 
upper seam is reached at a depth of 24 to 54 metres, and again im- 
mediately below, without any intervening stratum, is the Nürschan 
Gas-coal. This seam is therefore no doubt identical in all the 
shafts mentioned in the neighbourhood of Nürschan. 
But the same Coal-seam with the Nürschan Gas-coal we find after- 
wards more towards the north — about eight English miles North of 
Pilsen at Tremoschna, where, in the two western shafts, “ Barbara ” 
1 All these localities are well seen on the Geological Maps issued by the k. k. 
Geologischen Reichsanstalt. 
