1 08 Dr. Feistmantel — Bohemian Coal Fauna and Passage-Beds. 
and “Procopi,” of tliat region, the upper seam is reacked at a depth 
of 40 metres, and is again underlain by the Gas-coal, of about 32 to 
37 c.m. thickness — no doubt this seam is the same as that of Nür- 
schan. Beyond the places mentioned, the Nürschan Gas-coal does 
not occur ; at least, not so developed : this is the case generally also 
witli the upper seam. 
I have discussed these relatious in various papers, either wholly 
or partly. 1 For the extension of this Gas-coal of Nürschan, see espe- 
cially my paper in the Jahrbuch d. k. k. Geol. Reichsanst. 1872, 
p. 289 et seq. r where a little sketeli-map illustrates the relatious. 
The most interesting part is, that this Gas-coal, as I have shown, 
everywhere iinmediately underlies the upper Coal-seam, which is 
at an average distance from the lower Coal-seam of about 20 to 30 
metres. 
While the lower seam, the shales, and the Clay-Ironstone nodules 
in them, contain remains only of a truly Carboniferous Flora, as 
Calamites, Equisetites, true Carboniferous Ferns, Lycopodiacece, 
Sigillarice ; the Nürschan Gas-coal contains a mixed Fauna and 
Flora, which are the chief points of observation. 
Animal-remains in tlie Gas-coal. 
These animal-remains consist especially of Saurians, Fishes, and 
Crustaceous animals. 
Dr. Anton Fritsch has already given same preliminary notes 2 on 
these interesting animals, and I myself repeated them and gave same 
figures, especially of Diplodus, in my short paper in the Zeitschrift 
d. D. Geol. Gesellsch. 1870, pl. xviii. 
In the meantime Dr. Fritsch has submitted this subject to a 
thorough examination, and communicated his results in another 
short paper, 3 and lately before tlie meeting of the British Association 
at Glasgow. 4 
His examinations yielded, besides several new forms, also the 
well-known Xenacanthns, of which one is certainly X. Becheni, Beyr., 
one of the best Permian species ; Acanthodes, one of which is very 
close to A. (jracilis, Röni. ; Pälceoniscus, Uronectes (Gampsonyx), a 
Julns, which is very close to living forms, etc. 
From the fact that the Nürschan Gas-coal contains these animal- 
remains, of which tliere is no trace in the lower seam, this upper 
Coal-seam is quite well marked and separated from that portion, 
though the Flora which occurs in the Gas-coal and in the shale 
1 Ueber Pflanzenreste aus dem Nürschaner Gasscliiefer, etc , Sitzgb. d. k. bohm. 
Gesell, d. Wissensch. 1870. — Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Nürschaner Gassehiefers, 
etc., Jahrb. d. k. k. Geol. Reiclisanst Wien, 1872.— Verhaltuiss der Perm, zur 
Steinkohlenform, in Böhmen, etc., lind. 1873. — Ueber den Nürschaner Gasschiefer, 
etc., Zeitschr. d. D. Geol. Gesellsch. Berlin, 1873. Witli Plate. — Studien in 
bohm. Kohlengebirge, Abh. d. R. bohm. Gesellsch. d. Wissensch. 1874. — Versteine-- 
rungen der bolnn. Kohlenahlagerungen, 1874-6. 
2 See Geol. Mag. 1876, Dec. II. Vol. III. p. 34. Sitzungsb. d. k. bohm. 
Gesellsch. et Wissensch. Prag, 1870, etc. 
1 Ibidem , 1875. 
4 See Nature, September, 1876, p. 457. See also list of papers read before 
Brit. Assoc. Glasgow, in Geol. Mag. for 1876, p. 471. 
