128 
Reports and Proceedings — 
coasts instances are not uncommon of the production of grooves at 
right angles to the shore by tidal action and nioving stones. In his 
opiuion the deposits had been formed, as long ago suggested by 
Mr. Ball, by a combination of marine and land denudation, and he 
had certainly never suggested that they could be of volcanic origin. 
The so-called Karoo boulder-beds he thought are either brecciated 
traps or metamorphosed rocks into which the felspathic element 
largely enters. 
2. “On British Cretaceous Patelloid Gasteropoda.” By John 
Starkie Gardner, Esq., F.G.S. 
In this paper the autbor commenced by a general statement as to 
the Classification of the forms to be described in it, which he referred 
to the families Patellidae, Fissurellidae, Calyptraeidae, and Capulidae. 
He noticed thirty species, which are mostly of rare occurrence ; and 
nineteen of these were described as new. Four genera were 
indicated as new to the Cretaceous series, and one as new to the 
Cretaceous in England. The new species were Acmcea formosa and 
plana, Helcion Meyeri, Anisomyon vectis, Scurria calyptreeiformis and 
depressa, Emarginula puncturella, divisiensis, aneistra, Meyeri, and 
unicoslata, Puncturella antiqua, Calyptrceu concentrica, Crepidula 
chamceformis, Crucibulum giganteum, Pileopsis neocomiensis, dubius 
and Seeleyi, and Hippony x Dixoni. Most of the Patellidae were 
from the Neocomian, and the majority of the Fissurellidae from the 
Upper Greensand ; the species of the other two families were scat- 
tered through the series. The author referred to the indications of 
depth of deposit and other conditions furnished by these Mollusca, 
and also to the resemblance presented by many of them to certain 
bivalves common in the same rocks, which he regarded as a sort of 
mimicry. 
3. “ Observations on remains of the Mammoth and other Mammals 
from Northern Spain.” By A. Leith Adams, Esq., M.B., F.R.S., 
F.G.S. 
The remains noticed in this paper were obtained by MM. O’Eeilly 
and Sullivan in a cavern discovered at about twelve metres from the 
surface, in the valley of Udias, near Santander, by a boring made 
through limestone in search of calamine. They were found close to 
a mound of soil which had fallen down a funnel at one end of the 
cavity, and more or less buried in a bed of calamine which covered 
the floor. The cavern was evidently an enlarged joint or rock- 
fissure, into which the entire carcases, or eise the living animals, 
had been precipitated from time to time. The author had identified 
among these remains numerous portions, including teeth, of Elephas 
primigenius, which is important as furnishing the first instance 
of the occurrence of that animal in Spain. He also recorded Bos 
primigenius and Cervus elaphus (?), and stated that MM. O’Reilly and 
Sullivan mention a long curved tooth which he thought miglit be a 
canine of Rippopotamus. 
