164 Notices of Memoirs — II. Goss — On Tertiary Insects. 
very valuable memoirs recently published by M. Oustalet, Mr. S. 
H. Seudder, and otbers. He also drew attention to the fact tbat tbe 
Eev. P. B. Brodie bad published a book 1 on tbis subject so long 
back as 1845. 
Mr. Goss then made some observations as to the nature of the 
strata in which insect-remains were most oommonly detected, and 
offered some explanation of tbe reasons why fossil insects were 
frequently met with in marine formations. He then reviewed in 
descending Order tbe principal deposits of the Tertiary period in 
wbicb insect-remains bad been detected in Great Britain, on tbe 
Continent, and in America. 
After alluding to tbe remains of a few insects from Post-Tertiary 
strata, including Coleoptera from tbe Post-Glacial Drift near Col- 
cbester, and tbe Forest bed and lacustrine deposits in tbe clifis 
along tbe Norfolk coast. and from the lignites of Uznacb in Switzer- 
land, he proceeded to enumerate tbe Orders of insects, and tbe 
numbers of eacb, detected in British and Foreign Tertiary strata. 
With tbe exception of a few Coleoptera from the Lower Miocene of 
Antrim, Ireland, and from tbe Middle and Lower Eocene of tbe 
Isle of Wight, no well-autbenticated remains appeared to bave been 
found in Englisli strata of tbis period. On tbe Continent tbey 
appeared to bave been found in more or less abundanee at CEningen 
in Switzerland, Radoboj in Croatia, Coreut and Menat in Auvergne, 
Siebengeberge on tbe Rbine, Aix in Provence, and Monte Bolca in 
Upper Italy. 
The author quoted Sir C. Lyell’s description of tbe CEningen 
strata belonging to the Upper Miocene period. From these strata 
Prof. Heer obtained 5081 specimens, comprising 844 species, viz : — 
Coleoptera, 518 species; Neuropetera, 27; Hjmenoptera, 80; Diptera, 
63; Hemiptera, 133; Orthoptera, 20; Lepidoptera, 3. 
Mr. Goss alluded to tbe large proportion of Herbivorous Coleop- 
tera amongst tbe CEningen fossils, and remarked tbat as they were 
always more abundant as tbe Equator was approached, it might 
be inferred tbat tbe cliinate of CEningen was at tlie period somewliat 
more tropical than at tbe present day, and tbis was, be said, tbe 
opinion of Dr. Heer and M. Oustalet. Allusion was then made to 
tbe present geographical distribution of tbe CEningen species. 
From the Middle Miocene formation of Eadoboj about 312 species 
bad been detected. In these strata tbe Hymenoptera were tbe best 
represented. Tbe Butterflies were represented by three species, one 
of whicb belongs to an extinct genus. 
According to tbe researcbes of Bronn, Germar, Giebel, Dr. Heer, 
Dr. Hagen, and Herren C. von Heyden and L. von Heyden, tbe 
lignites of Eott in Siebengeberge near Bonn, belonging to the Lower 
Miocene, bave produced about 90 species. From otber deposits of 
Brown Coal about 125 species bad been described by Dr. Hagen, 
C. von Heyden and otbers. 
Mr. Goss drew attention to tbe remarkable formation known as 
1 “ On the Fossil Insects of the Secondary Rocks,” containing many interesting 
determinations of fossil insect-remains, by tlie Rev. P. B. Brodie, and Prof. J. 0. 
Westwood, of Oxford. 
