Feviews — Prof, de Köninck’ s Fossils of New South Wales. 171 
liigli and continuous to maintain the waters of an immense lake at 
such an elevation as 1700ft. above the modern sea-level, or whether 
the presence of such an enonnous body of ice would not be likely 
to freeze up the rivers altogether, Mr. Belt does not teil us. 
B. B. W. 
II. — Professor L. G. de Köninck on the Pal^ozoiö Fossils of 
New South Wales, [“ Recherches sur les Fossiles Paleo- 
zoi'QUES de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud (Australie).”] Re- 
printed from the Memoires de la Societe Royale des Sciences de 
Liege, 2 6me serie, t. vi. (1876), 140 pp. 8vo. and 4 quarto plates. 
I N this important Memoir Professor de Köninck describes all the 
Silurian and Devonian species which have been collected by 
the Rev. W. B. Clarke, F.R.S., in New South Wales during thirty 
years of scientific labours in the colony. The following paragraph 
of the Introduction hints somewhat obscurely at the reasons which 
induced Mr. Clarke to send bis fossils so far to be named, and perhaps 
demands fuller explanation. Prof, de Köninck says : 
“ Mr. Clarke, in communicating to me the Paleeozoie fossils 
gatliered by bis care in New South Wales, wished to check bis own 
observations and to confirm their accuracy in a manner which he 
has not dreaded to seek five thousand leagues from the country 
explored by him, when, with inconceivable want of judgment [a&er- 
ration d’esprit ], certain geologists disdained to make use of them, 
although ready at hand, in arriving more surely and quickly at the 
methodical Classification of the formations the study of which was 
confided to them.” (p. 6.) 
Whatever may be alluded to in these words, it is clear tliat no one 
could have set about the work of determining the species represented 
in Mr. Clarke’s collection with more zeal or learning than the great 
Belgian palaeontologist. 
Fifty-nine Silurian species are enumerated and described. Of 
these, twenty-seven are referred to the Ludlow horizon, and the 
remaining thirty-two to the Upper Llandovery, the greater number 
of the former consisting of Corals and Crustacea, and the latter almost 
exclusively of Mollusca and Crustacea. No Graptolites are recorded 
from New South Wales, although they are common in Yictoria 
(z=Bala Beds, according to Prof. McCoy and Mr. Etheridge, jun.). 
Thirteen species are described as new, but here, as in the case of 
most of the thirty new Devonian forms described, they all belong to 
European or American genera, of which closely-allied species are 
known. 
The Upper Silurian Fauna here described therefore is strictly 
analogous to those of Europe and America, and is not even sensibly 
distinguished from them by such minor characters as size or otlier 
individual peculiarities of local value. Moreover, the beds which 
contain the Upper Llandovery fossils are chiefly argillaceous, whilst 
the overlying Ludlovian forms occur in hard reddish quartzites and 
in white or greyish limestone. 
The Devonian species described are eighty-one in number, of 
