Reviews — The Palceontographical Society. 
231 
specimens of G. longus, Owen, in the Oxford Museum. The fine 
series of remains of a gigantic Cetiosauroid Dinosaur ( Omosaurus 
armatus, Owen), from the Kimmeridge Clay at Swindon, furnishes 
material for a Monograph, with twelve large plates beautifully 
drawn by C. L. Griesbach; and enables Prof. Owen to enlarge upou 
the “ life and affinities of Dinosauria, as elucidated by the known 
character of Omosaurus.” The Classification of fossil Saurians by 
H. von Meyer, and the opinions of Prof. Huxley as to the ornithic 
affinities of the Dinosaurs, are criticized in detail ; and the relative 
smallness of the fore-legs of these great Reptiles is regarded as 
analogous to that in swimming Crocodiles, and not as having refer- 
ence to an upright position on their hind-legs in moving on the land. 
4:. — Monographs of the Palabontographical Society for 1876. 
T HE volume for 1876 (vol. xxx.) has (Ist) a short Supplement to 
Prof.Owen’s Fossil Reptiliaof the Wealden Formation, in which he 
describes and illustrates a new species of Poikilopleuron (P. pusillus, 
Owen), with its cavemous vertebrae, in which ossification had been 
arrested ; also a new genus of gigantic and probably Dinosaurian 
Reptiles, in which such chondrosal cavities, due to the partial re- 
tainment of the primitive chondrine, are very characteristic. Two 
species of this great Cliondrosteosaurus are known from the Wealden 
(one of them had been previously referred to Botliriospondylus) . 
2nd. — The British Fossil Brachiopoda are further elucidated and 
systematized by Mr. Davidson, who has enthusiastically devoted so 
much time and labour to mastering and explaining the characters and 
relationships of this most interesting group of shells. Those of the 
Triassic and Jurassic species which had previously escaped notice 
are now described, and additional notes on those already known 
enhance the value of this magnificent Monograph. Plates IX. to 
XYI. are given with this portion, and illustrate the Jui'assic Treten- 
terata and Clistenterata. 
3rd. — H. B Brady’s Monograph of Cai'boniferous and Permian 
Foraminifera (the genus Fusulina excepted), T66 pages, with 12 
plates, is one of the most exhaustive and perfect Monographs yet 
supplied by the Palaeontographical Society. The Introduction teils 
of the history of the undertaking, and enumerates the author’s fellow- 
workers and helpers. Under “ General Considerations ” he teils us 
of tlie relationsliip of limestones and Foraminifera ; pointing out that 
only some limited portions of the Mountain-limestone appear to be 
formed of Foraminifera in the British and West-European area, 
though Fusulina constitutes enormous masses of that limestone in 
Russia and North America. Indeed, he considers that there are large 
areas of this limestone where the sea appears to have deposited its 
excess of mineral constituents by chemical precipitation, resulting in 
conci’etional, spheroidal, or oolitic structures ; organic remains, if not 
absent, having been either dissolved or masked. The rationale of 
the necessary physical conditions and changes is briefly explained. 
The occasional presence of Foraminifera in prepared slices of the 
British Carboniferous and Permian limestones (for these formations 
