281 
Reports and Proceedings. 
these are numerous Igneous Rocks. All are described in detail, as 
well as the character and causes of raetamorphism. Much attention 
has been given to the Igneous Rocks (a new feature in connexion 
with the Survey publications) ; and the work is accompanied by 
three coloured plates of microscopic sections of these rocks. 
The faults and mineral veins are described, and one chapter is 
devoted to Plumbago or Graphite. Cleavage is the subject of anotlier 
brief chapter, while the Physical Ilistory of each formation is dwelt 
upon at more length. The Glacial Phenomena of the Distiict, and 
the Relation of the Scenei’y to Geology receive due attention, and 
the concluding chapter is devoted to the fossils of the Skiddaw 
Slate. In an Appendix Mr. Etheridge describes sorae new species 
of Trilobites from this formation, and one new genus of Annelida, 
termed Stella-scolites. There is also a useful Appendix containing a 
list of all works bearing on the geology of the district. 
EEPOETS .A-HETZD IPIROCiEIEIDIirTGrS. 
Geological Society of London. — I. — April 25th, 1877. — Prof. 
P. Martin Duncan, M.B., F.R.S., President, in the Chair. 
1. “ On the Upper Limit of the essentially Marine Beds of the 
Carboniferous System, and the necessity for the establishment. of a 
‘Middle Carboniferous Group.’” By Prof. E. Hüll, F.R.S., F.G.S. 
The author, in this paper, divided the whole of the Carboniferous 
rocks into successive stages from A to G inclusive, taking the Car- 
boniferous beds of Lancashire as a type, and sliowed that these 
stages could be identified over the whole of the British Isles. It 
was only recently that their determination had been made in 
Ireland, so that until now the materials had not existed for a 
complete correlation of the series in the British Islands. The 
following is an abbreviated Statement of the representative stages 
in descending order : — 
Essentially Freshioater or Estuarine, with one or two Marine Bands. 
Stage G. — Upper Coal-measnres of Lancashire (2000 ft.) and 
other English coal-fields. Red Sandstones, etc., of Bothwell and 
Ayr, in Scotland. (Absent in Ireland.) 
Stage F. — Middle Coal-measures of Lancashire, etc., with prin- 
cipal coal-seams (3000 ft.). Flat coal series of Scotland. Present 
in Ireland (Tyrone, Kilkenny). 
Essentially Marine. 
Stage E. — “ Gannister Beds” (Phillips), with marine shells and 
thin coals (2000 ft.), in Lancashire. “Pennystone series” of 
Coalbrook Dale, South Wales, etc. “ Slaty black-band ” series 
of Scotland. (Present in Ireland, Kilkenny, Dungannon, Lough 
Allen Coal-fields.) Also in Belgium, Rhenish Provinces, and 
Silesia, with numerous marine shells. 
Stage D. — Millstone Grit Series of England and Wales. 3500 ft. 
in Lancashire ; “ Moorstone Rock ” of Scotland : “ Flagstone-series ” 
of Carlow and Kilkenny ; Millstone Grit of Fermanagh and Leitrim, 
with coals and marine shells. 
